-
作者：Campa, Pamela; Serafinelli, Michel
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics; University of Essex
摘要：This paper investigates whether attitudes are affected by politico-economic regimes. We exploit the efforts of state socialist regimes to promote women's economic inclusion. Using the German partition after World War II, we show that women from East-Germany are more likely to place importance on career success compared to women from West-Germany. Further, the population at large in East Germany is less likely to hold traditional gender role attitudes. Examining possible mechanisms, we find tha...
-
作者：Brown, Ryan; Montalva, Veronica; Thomas, Duncan; Velasquez, Andrea
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Children's Hospital Colorado; University of Colorado Denver; Inter-American Development Bank; Duke University
摘要：Whereas attitudes toward risk play an important role in many decisions over the life course, factors that affect those attitudes are not fully understood. Using longitudinal survey data collected in Mexico before and during the Mexican war on drugs, we investigate how risk attitudes change with variation in insecurity and uncertainty brought on by unprecedented changes in local-area violent crime. Exploiting the fact that the timing, virulence, and spatial distribution of changes in violent cr...
-
作者：Roy, Shalini; Hidrobo, Melissa; Hoddinott, John; Ahmed, Akhter
作者单位：CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); Cornell University
摘要：Transfer programs have been shown to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV), but little evidence exists on how activities linked to transfers affect IPV or what happens when programs end. We assess postprogram impacts on IPV of randomly assigning women in Bangladesh to receive cash or food, with or without nutrition behavior change communication (BCC). Six to ten months postprogram, IPV did not differ between women receiving transfers and a control group; however, women receiving transfers wit...
-
作者：Brown, Zach Y.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Do information frictions in health care markets lead to higher prices and price dispersion? Focusing on medical imaging procedures, this paper examines the equilibrium effect of a unique statewide price transparency website. Price information leads to a shift to lower-cost providers, especially for patients subject to a deductible. Furthermore, supply-side effects play a significant role in the long run, benefiting all insured individuals. Supply-side effects reduce price dispersion and are es...
-
作者：Imbens, Guido; Wager, Stefan
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：The increasing popularity of regression discontinuity methods for causal inference in observational studies has led to a proliferation of different estimating strategies, most of which involve first fitting nonparametric regression models on both sides of a treatment assignment boundary and then reporting plug-in estimates for the effect of interest. In applications, however, it is often difficult to tune the nonparametric regressions in a way that is well calibrated for the specific target of...
-
作者：Khwaja, Asim I.; Mangal, Kunal
-
作者：Stephens, Melvin, Jr.; Unayama, Takashi
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research; Hitotsubashi University
摘要：Survey nonresponse has risen in recent years, which has increased the share of imputed and underreported values found on commonly used data sets. While this trend has been well documented for earnings, the growth in nonresponse to government transfers questions has received far less attention. We demonstrate analytically that the underreporting and imputation of transfer benefits can lead to program impact estimates that are substantially overstated when using instrumental variables methods to...
-
作者：Clemens, Michael A.; Montenegro, Claudio E.; Pritchett, Lant
作者单位：Universidad de Chile; Deutsches Institut Entwicklungspolitik (DIE); Harvard University
摘要：Large international differences in the price of labor can be sustained by differences between workers or by natural and policy barriers to worker mobility. We use migrant selection theory and evidence to place lower bounds on the ad valorem equivalent of labor mobility barriers to the United States, with unique nationally representative microdata on both U.S. immigrant workers and workers in their 42 home countries. The average price equivalent of migration barriers in this setting for low-ski...
-
作者：McKenzie, David; Paffhausen, Anna Luisa
作者单位：The World Bank; University of Passau
摘要：We collate sixteen panel surveys from twelve developing countries to develop stylized facts from over 14,000 firms on how much firm death there is, which types of these firms are most likely to die, and why they die. Small firms die at an average rate of 8.2% per year. Death rates are higher in richer countries, for younger firms and less profitable firms, and for firms run by youth. We also find that firm death need not mean permanent exit from self-employment for the firm owner.
-
作者：Calonico, Sebastian; Cattaneo, Matias D.; Farrell, Max H.; Titiunik, Rocio
作者单位：Columbia University; Princeton University; University of Chicago
摘要：We study regression discontinuity designs when covariates are included in the estimation. We examine local polynomial estimators that include discrete or continuous covariates in an additive separable way, but without imposing any parametric restrictions on the underlying population regression functions. We recommend a covariate-adjustment approach that retains consistency under intuitive conditions and characterize the potential for estimation and inference improvements. We also present new c...
