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作者：Hasan, Rana; Mitra, Devashish; Ramaswamy, K. V.
作者单位：Syracuse University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Using industry-level data disaggregated by states, this paper finds a positive impact of trade liberalization on (the absolute values of) labor demand elasticities in the Indian manufacturing sector. The magnitudes of these elasticities turn out to be negatively related to protection levels that vary across industries and over time. Furthermore, we find that these elasticities are not only larger in size for Indian states with more flexible labor regulations, they are also impacted there to a ...
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作者：Laeven, Luc; Woodruff, Christopher
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：We show that firm size is increasing with the quality of the legal system in Mexico. A 1-standard-deviation improvement in the quality of the legal system is associated with a 0.15-0.30 standard deviation increase in firm size. We also show that the legal system affects firm size by reducing the idiosyncratic risk faced by firm owners. The legal system has a smaller impact on partnerships and corporations than on proprietorships, where risk is concentrated in a single owner. All of the finding...
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作者：Conway, Patrick
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：Quarterly evidence on participation in IMF programs for the period 1974-2003 is examined using the techniques of hazard analysis and error-correction estimation. Three hypotheses are proposed and tested. An increase in cumulative prior participation in IMF programs is found to cause a reduction on average in the length of a new spell of participation. The length of time between participation spells is reduced significantly with an increase in prior participation in IMF programs. Reserve adequa...
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作者：Card, David; Moretti, Enrico
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Critics argue that electronic voting is vulnerable to fraud. We test whether voting technology affected electoral outcomes in the 2000 and 2004 presidential elections. We find a positive correlation between use of electronic voting and George Bush vote share. The effect could have been large enough to influence the final results in some swing states. While this pattern would appear to be consistent with allegations of voting irregularities, a closer examination suggests this interpretation is ...
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作者：Gugler, Klaus; Siebert, Ralph
作者单位：University of Vienna; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：Merger control authorities may approve a merger based on an efficiency defense. An important aspect in clearing mergers is that the efficiencies need to be merger-specific. Joint ventures, and in particular research joint ventures (RJVs), may achieve comparable efficiencies possibly without the anticompetitive (market power) effects of mergers. We empirically account for the endogenous formation of mergers and RJVs and provide evidence that at the semiconductor level, mergers and RJVs achieve ...
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作者：Donald, Stephen G.; Lang, Kevin
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Boston University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We examine inference in panel data when the number of groups is small, as is typically the case for difference-in-differences estimation and when some variables are fixed within groups. In this case, standard asymptotics based on the number of groups going to infinity provide a poor approximation to the finite sample distribution. We show that in some cases the t-statistic is distributed as t and propose simple two-step estimators for these cases. We apply our analysis to two well-known papers...
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作者：Ihlanfeldt, Keith R.
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida State University; State University System of Florida; Florida State University
摘要：There has been renewed interest in the possible use of employment programs for disadvantaged male youth as a policy to reduce drug crime, but little evidence exists on the youth employment/drug crime relationship and theory suggests that these programs may increase rather than decrease the amount of drug crime. In this paper, panel data at the neighborhood level are used to investigate the relationship between drug crime and young males' intraurban job accessibility. Results obtained from mode...
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作者：Puller, Steven L.
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：This paper analyzes the pricing behavior of electricity generating firms in the restructured California market from its inception in April 1998 until its collapse in late 2000. Using detailed firm-level data, I find that conduct is fairly consistent with a Cournot pricing game for much of the sample. In summer and fall 2000, the market was slightly less competitive, yet the dramatic rise in prices was more driven by changes in costs and demand than by changes in firm conduct. The five large no...
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作者：Dee, Thomas S.
作者单位：Swarthmore College; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Conventional evaluations of voting systems focus on ballots for which no vote can be recorded (that is, residual votes). However, recorded votes that misrepresent voter intent are another potentially important, but less easily measured, source of error. I present evidence that a nontrivial number of voters in the recent California recall election mistakenly voted for one of the four candidates positioned next to the two major candidates on the ballot. I also find that punch-card systems signif...
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作者：Bobonis, Gustavo J.; Shatz, Howard J.
作者单位：University of Toronto; RAND Corporation
摘要：Using U.S. state-level data we show that agglomeration externalities influence the level of foreign-invested capital in a location. Our empirical model allows the separation of agglomeration effects from the rate of capital stock adjustment, two forces that previous research has conflated. We estimate an agglomeration elasticity of investment of 0.11 to 0.15 with respect to same-source-country investment, lower than previous estimates. We also investigate the influence of state policies and fi...
