-
作者：Cook, David
作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：This paper reports evidence that OECD economies adopting fixed exchange rates in the process of forming the European currency union experienced declines in labor share of income at the industry level. This occurs most sharply among countries that experienced the biggest changes in their exchange rate policy. An implication of New Keynesian sticky price theory is that monetary policy has a first-order impact on labor share through the interaction of business cycle uncertainty and the choice of ...
-
作者：Topalova, Petia; Khandelwal, Amit
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper exploits India's rapid, comprehensive, and externally imposed trade reform to establish a causal link between changes in tariffs and firm productivity. Pro-competitive forces, resulting from lower tariffs on final goods, as well as access to better inputs, due to lower input tariffs, both appear to have increased firm-level productivity, with input tariffs having a larger impact. The effect was strongest in import-competing industries and industries not subject to excessive domestic...
-
作者：Egger, Peter; Nelson, Douglas
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich; University of Nottingham; Tulane University
摘要：Current research on antidumping suggests a number of channels through which antidumping affects the volume of world trade. This paper uses a structural approach to the gravity model framework to evaluate these hypotheses using data on trade volume over the period 1948 to 2001. We conclude that the volume and welfare effects have been negative but quite modest.
-
作者：Oswald, Andrew J.; Wu, Stephen
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Warwick; Hamilton College
摘要：This paper uses Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to study life satisfaction and mental health across the geography of the United States. The analysis draws on a sample of 1.3 million citizens. Initially we control for people's personal characteristics (though not income). There is no correlation between states' regression-adjusted wellbeing and their GDP per capita. States like Louisiana, plus Washington, D. C., have high psychological well-being levels; California and West Virg...
-
作者：Palangkaraya, Alfons; Webster, Elizabeth; Jensen, Paul H.
作者单位：University of Melbourne; University of Melbourne
摘要：In this paper, we estimate the extent of misclassification in patent examination decisions between the European Patent Office (EPO) and the Japanese Patent Office (JPO), that is, applications that are incorrectly refused a patent or incorrectly granted a patent. Using a proxy for inventive step as the predictor of the correct decision, we find that the probability that a true grant'' application is refused is 6.1%, while the probability that a true refusal'' application is granted is 9.8%. How...
-
作者：Fortson, Jane G.
摘要：Over the past several decades, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has dramatically altered patterns of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, with potential consequences for human capital investment and economic growth. Using data from Demographic and Health Surveys for fifteen countries in sub-Saharan Africa, I estimate the relationship between regional HIV prevalence and the change in individual human capital investment over time. Consistent with a simple model of human capital investment incorpo...
-
作者：Rincke, Johannes; Traxler, Christian
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Philipps University Marburg
摘要：This paper identifies spillovers from law enforcement. Our approach makes use of microdata on compliance with TV license fees that allow us to distinguish between households that were subject to enforcement and those that were not. Using snowfall as an instrument for local inspections, we find a striking response of households to increased enforcement in their vicinity: on average, three detections make one additional household comply with the law. As compliance rises significantly among those...
-
作者：Tervio, Marko
作者单位：Aalto University
摘要：I look for divisions to clusters among academic departments in three disciplines: economics, mathematics, and comparative literature. I define clusters as subsets of departments with unexpectedly little hiring across the cluster lines. The division within economics is by far the strongest, is consistent with anecdotal evidence about freshwater and saltwater schools of thought and has been stable over time. There is also a significant division within comparative literature, but the hiring patte...
-
作者：Cohen-Cole, Ethan
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：This paper evaluates the presence of racial disparities in the issuance of consumer credit. Using a database of credit histories, I link location-based information on race with individual credit files. After controlling for place-specific factors such as housing vacancy rates and general population demographics, I find qualitatively large differences in the amount of credit offered to similarly qualified applicants living in black versus white areas. High data quality allows distinguishing bet...
-
作者：Lehmann, Sibylle H.; O'Rourke, Kevin H.
作者单位：University of Cologne; Trinity College Dublin
摘要：Many papers have explored the relationship between average tariff rates and economic growth when theory suggests that the structure of protection is what should matter. We therefore explore the relationship between economic growth and agricultural tariffs, industrial tariffs, and revenue tariffs for a sample of relatively well-developed countries between 1875 and 1913. Industrial tariffs were positively correlated with growth, and agricultural tariffs were generally negatively correlated with ...
