Journal of the European Economic Association

最新文章

• Forced Migration and Local Public Policies: Evidence from Post-War West Germany AI翻译
  作者：Chevalier, Arnaud; Elsner, Benjamin; Lichter, Andreas; Pestel, Nico
  作者单位：University of London; Royal Holloway University London; University College Dublin; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; Maastricht University
  摘要：We study the effect of forced migration on public policy setting in the migrant-receiving country. After World War II, eight million expelled Germans arrived in West Germany within 5 years. We use regional variation in the population share of forced migrants across West German cities to estimate the effect of this inflow on cities' taxation and spending decisions. To identify a causal effect, we pursue an instrumental variable strategy that leverages push factors of the expulsions while being ...
• Optimal Taxation of Robots AI翻译
  作者：Thuemmel, Uwe
  作者单位：University of Zurich
  摘要：I study the optimal taxation of robots, other capital, and labor income. I show that it is optimal to distort robot adoption. The robot tax (or subsidy) exploits general-equilibrium effects to compress wages, which reduces income-tax distortions of labor supply, thereby raising welfare. In the calibrated model, when robots are expensive, a robot subsidy is optimal. As robots get cheaper, it becomes optimal to tax them. Yet, when reforming the status-quo tax system, most welfare gains can be ac...
• THE IMPORTANCE OF MODELING INCOME TAXES OVER TIME: US REFORMS AND OUTCOMES AI翻译
  作者：Borella, Margherita; De Nardi, Mariacristina; Pak, Michael; Russo, Nicolo; Yang, Fang
  作者单位：University of Turin; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis; Harvard University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Dallas
  摘要：The structure of taxes and their burden have undergone large and frequent changes over time. We provide a brief history of U.S. federal income tax reform since the 1960s, calculate effective federal income tax rates for each wave of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, and discuss how effective taxation changed from 1969 to 2016. We show that most tax regimes are short-lived and that the variation in taxes over time and across groups is large. We also use an estimated dynamic model of couples a...
• Formation of College Plans: Expected Returns, Preferences, and Adjustment Process AI翻译
  作者：Azmat, Ghazala; Kaufmann, Katja Maria
  作者单位：Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); University of Bayreuth
  摘要：We exploit a large exogenous shock to study the formation, and updating, of educational plans, and to examine how these plans ultimately impact later educational attainment. Using novel, longitudinal, microdata on cohorts of East German adolescents before and after the German Reunification (a change for the East from state socialism to capitalist democracy), and using differences across cohorts induced by the timing of Reunification, we show that shortly after relative to before that time, col...
• Social Benefits and Private Costs of Driving Restriction Policies: The Impact of Madrid Central on Congestion, Pollution, and Consumer Spending AI翻译
  作者：Galdon-Sanchez, Jose Enrique; Gil, Ricard; Holub, Felix; Uriz-Uharte, Guillermo
  作者单位：Universidad Publica de Navarra; Queens University - Canada; Goethe University Frankfurt
  摘要：Low Emission Zones are defined areas within a city where driving restrictions are introduced with the aim to reduce pollution, but they may also unintentionally distort consumer spending decisions. By increasing transportation costs to ban-affected areas, driving restrictions could discourage spending in stores of those areas. This paper empirically evaluates the effects of a driving restriction regulation in Madrid, Spain, known as Madrid Central. First, using a difference-in-differences iden...
• The Quran and the Sword AI翻译
  作者：Auriol, Emmanuelle; Platteau, Jean-Philippe; Verdier, Thierry
  作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; University of Namur; Paris School of Economics; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole des Ponts ParisTech; Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro
  摘要：This paper elucidates the willingness of an autocrat to push through institutional reforms in a context where traditional authorities represented by religious clerics are averse to them and where the military control the means of repression and can potentially stage a coup. We show that although the autocrat always wants to co-opt the military, this is not necessarily true of the clerics. Exclusive co-option of the military obtains where the loyalty of the autocrat's army is strong while the o...
• Three Layers of Uncertainty AI翻译
  作者：Aydogan, Ilke; Berger, Loic; Bosetti, Valentina; Liu, Ning
  作者单位：IESEG School of Management; Universite de Lille; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Bocconi University; Beihang University; Beihang University
  摘要：We explore decision-making under uncertainty using a framework that decomposes uncertainty into three distinct layers: (1) risk, which entails inherent randomness within a given probability model; (2) model ambiguity, which entails uncertainty about the probability model to be used; and (3) model misspecification, which entails uncertainty about the presence of the correct probability model among the set of models considered. Using a new experimental design, we isolate and measure attitudes to...
• BUREAUCRATS AND POLICIES IN EQUILIBRIUM ADMINISTRATIONS AI翻译
  作者：Forand, Jean Guillaume; Ujhelyi, Gergely; Ting, Michael M.
  作者单位：University of Waterloo; University of Houston System; University of Houston; Columbia University
  摘要：We develop a model of policy making with an endogenous bureaucracy. Parties choose platforms and ideologically differentiated citizens decide whether to enter the public sector, anticipating the platforms that they may be asked to implement. Bureaucrats prefer to work on policies closer to their ideal, and voters judge the performance of an administration taking both politicians' and bureaucrats' actions into account. The model provides an equilibrium framework to study the emergence of partis...
• What do Happiness Data Mean? Theory and Survey Evidence AI翻译
  作者：Benjamin, Daniel J.; Debnam Guzman, Jakina; Fleurbaey, Marc; Heffetz, Ori; Kimball, Miles
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Amherst College; Paris School of Economics; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Cornell University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
  摘要：What utility notion-e.g. flow/lifetime, self/family-centered-do self-reported well-being (SWB) questions measure? Existing applications make different assumptions regarding the (i) life domains, (ii) time horizons, and (iii) other-regarding preferences captured by SWB data. To obtain relevant evidence, we ask survey respondents what they had in mind regarding (i)-(iii) when answering commonly used-life satisfaction, happiness, ladder-and new SWB questions. We find that respondents' self-report...
• Carbon Taxation and Greenflation: Evidence from Europe and Canada AI翻译
  作者：Konradt, Maximilian; di Mauro, Beatrice Weder
  作者单位：INSEAD Business School
  摘要：This paper studies the effects of carbon pricing on inflation dynamics. We construct a sample of carbon taxes implemented in Europe and Canada over three decades and estimate the response of inflation and price components to carbon pricing. Our empirical results suggest that carbon taxes did not significantly increase inflation, with dynamic effects estimated around zero in most specifications. Instead we find support for relative price changes, increasing the cost of energy but leaving the pr...