-
作者：Wenzel, M; Taylor, N
作者单位：Australian National University; Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC)
摘要：In an experiment in collaboration with the Australian Taxation Office (ATO), rental property schedules (RPS) were sent to taxpayers for them to itemize their deductions and return the RPS to the ATO. The intervention significantly reduced deductions compared to taxpayers who did not have to return the RPS, taxpayers who received only an information letter, and a no-contact control group-regardless of a cooperative versus deterring letter tone and first-time versus second-time participation of ...
-
作者：Heim, BT; Meyer, BD
作者单位：Duke University; Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Works costs have not been adequately handled in labor supply estimation, likely due to their complexity. We show that, if work costs are not accounted for in the budget and time constraints in a structural labor supply model, they will be subsumed into the data generating preferences. Even if underlying preferences over consumption and leisure are convex, the presence of unobservable work costs can make these preferences appear nonconvex. However, we show that, under plausible conditions, poli...
-
作者：Alesina, A; Di Tella, R; MacCulloch, R
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Harvard University; Harvard University; Princeton University
摘要：We study the effect of the level of inequality in society on individual well-being using a total of 123,668 answers to a survey question about happiness. We find that individuals have a lower tendency to report themselves happy when inequality is high, even after controlling for individual income, a large set of personal characteristics, and year and country (or, in the case of the US, state) dummies. The effect, however, is more precisely defined statistically in Europe than in the US. In add...
-
作者：Barrow, L; Rouse, CE
作者单位：Princeton University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago
摘要：We examine whether school expenditures are valued by potential residents and whether the current level of public school provision is inefficient by estimating the effect of state education aid on residential property values. We find evidence that, overall, state aid is valued by potential residents and that school districts do not overspend on education. However, we find that districts may overspend in areas where residents have fewer schooling options but find no difference in efficiency by t...
-
作者：Bergstresser, D; Poterba, J
作者单位：Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The rapid growth of assets in self-directed tax-deferred retirement accounts has generated a new set of financial decisions for many households. In addition to deciding which assets to hold, the traditional choice among bonds, stocks, and other investment classes, households with substantial assets in both taxable and tax-deferred accounts (TDA) must now decide where to hold them. This paper uses data from the Survey of Consumer Finances to assess how many households have enough assets in both...
-
作者：Diermeier, D; Merlo, A
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Northwestern University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：Models of government formation processes in multi-party democracies are usually highly sensitive to the rules that govern the selection of formateurs (i.e. the parties selected to propose a potential government). The theoretical literature has focused on two selection rules: selection proportional to seat share, and selection in order of seat share. In this paper, we use a new data set on government formations in 11 parliamentary democracies to empirically assess which selection rule most clos...
-
作者：Tavares, J
作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa
摘要：This paper tests the widely held assumption that left-wing cabinets favor higher public spending and examines whether cabinet ideology affects the persistence of major fiscal adjustments. In a panel of large fiscal adjustments in OECD countries during the last 40 years, we find evidence that left-wing and right-wing cabinets are partisan: the left tends to reduce the deficit by raising tax revenues while the right relies mostly on spending cuts. Our testable hypothesis is that cabinets can sig...
-
作者：Groen, JA; White, MJ
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; United States Department of Labor; Cornell University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper examines the divergence of interest between universities and state governments concerning standards for admitting in-state versus out-of-state students. We find that public universities set lower minimum admission standards for in-state than out-of-state applicants, presumably in response to state pressure, while private universities treat both groups equally. However, we also find that favoring in-state applicants goes against states' long-term financial interest. This is because m...
-
作者：Rege, M; Telle, K
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; Statistics Norway
摘要：Several economists have maintained that social and internalized norms can enforce cooperation in public good situations. This experimental study investigates how two important channels for social and internalized norms, social approval and framing, affect cooperation among strangers in a public good game. The experiment has two treatment effects. Firstly, it reveals each person's identity and his contribution to the public good. Secondly, it presents the public good game in a language that sug...
-
作者：Cahuc, P; Malherbet, F
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne; Institut Universitaire de France; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris
摘要：The systematic use of experience rating is an original feature of the U.S. unemployment benefits system. At first glance, experience rating does not appear to be a desirable choice for a lot of European labor markets, which are characterized by high firing costs. We provide a simple matching model of a rigid labor market that includes firing costs, temporary jobs and a minimum wage in order to analyze this issue. Our analysis leads us to argue that experience rating is likely to reduce unemplo...
