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作者：Marion, Justin
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：Bid preferences in procurement auctions allow firms from an identifiable group an advantage in bidding against unfavored firms. While economic efficiency is expected to fall as a result of bid preferences, government procurement costs may either increase or decrease depending on the competitive response of favored and unfavored firms. This paper uses data from California auctions for road construction contracts, where small businesses receive a 5-percent bid preference in auctions for projects...
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作者：Rapoport, Hillel; Vidal, Jean-Pierre
作者单位：Bar Ilan University; Universite de Lille
摘要：The recent literature on the endogenous formation of preferences has emphasized that while some preferences are more conducive to growth than others, economic growth also contributes to the formation of particular tastes [Becker, Gary S. (1996): Accounting for Tastes, Cambridge, Ma.: Harvard University Press]. In this paper, we construct a neoclassical growth model where intergenerational altruism can be endogenously reinforced and entails costly sacrifices on the part of parents to acquire su...
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作者：Brown, Jeffrey R.; Finkelstein, Amy
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Long-term care represents one of the largest uninsured financial risks facing the elderly in the United States. We present evidence of supply side market failures in the private long-term care insurance market. In particular, the typical policy purchased exhibits premiums marked up substantially above expected benefits. It also provides very limited coverage relative to the total expenditure risk. However, we present additional evidence suggesting that the existence of supply side market failu...
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作者：Poterba, James; Rauh, Joshua; Venti, Steven; Wise, David
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; Dartmouth College; Harvard University
摘要：The private pension structure in the United States, once dominated by defined benefit (DB) plans, is currently divided between defined contribution (DC) and DB plans. Wealth accumulation in DC plans depends on a participant's contribution behavior and on financial market returns, while accumulation in DB plans is sensitive to a participant's labor market experience and to plan parameters. This paper simulates the distribution of retirement wealth under representative DB and DC plans. It uses d...
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作者：Bound, John; Turner, Sarah
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Virginia
摘要：Analyses of college attainment typically focus on factors affecting enrollment demand, including the financial attractiveness of a college education and the availability of financial aid, while implicitly assuming that resources available per student on the supply-side of the market are elastically supplied. The higher education market in the United States is dominated by public and non-profit production, and colleges and universities receive considerable subsidies from state, federal, and pri...
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作者：Ho, Wai-Hong; Wang, Yong
作者单位：City University of Hong Kong; University of Macau
摘要：This paper studies the growth effects of factor income taxation on capital and labor in an endogenous growth model with overlapping generations. Capital accumulation in our model takes place through credit-financed investments in a market with asymmetric information between lenders and borrowers. We show that, in the presence of asymmetric information, capital income taxation worsens the adverse selection problem in the credit market, which in turn introduces an additional adverse effect on gr...
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作者：Fryer, Roland G., Jr.
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The literature on statistical discrimination shows that ex-ante identical groups may be differentially treated in discriminatory equilibria. This paper constructs a dynamic model of statistical discrimination and explores what happens to the individuals who nonetheless overcome the initial discrimination. If an employer discriminates against a group of workers in her initial hiring, she may actually favor the successful members of that group when she promotes from within the firm. The worker's...
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作者：McKinnish, Terra
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：This paper extends and synthesizes the various approaches used in the recent welfare migration literature to both offer the most comprehensive set of tests to date for welfare migration and to also determine the relative importance of short-distance moves in welfare migration flows. The current study follows on the finding of McKinnish [McKinnish T. Importing the poor: welfare magnetism and cross-border welfare migration. Journal of Human Resources 2005-40; 57-76.] of welfare migration effects...
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作者：Milligan, Kevin; Stabile, Mark
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of Toronto; University of Toronto
摘要：In 1998, the Canadian government introduced a new child tax credit. The innovation in the program was its integration with social assistance (welfare). Some provinces agreed to subtract the new federally-paid benefits from provincially-paid social assistance, partially lowering the welfare wall. Other provinces did not integrate benefits, providing a quasi-experimental framework for estimation. We find large changes in social assistance take-up and employment in provinces that provided the lab...
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作者：Davidson, Carl; Martin, Lawrence; Wilson, John Douglas
作者单位：Michigan State University; University of Nottingham
摘要：This paper investigates analytically the welfare effects of black-market activities that firms undertake to evade taxes. The desirability of a black market is linked to the attributes of the goods supplied by blackmarket firms. The analysis identifies cases where a black market reduces (increases) the distortionary impact of taxation on the allocation of resources across the goods that the government is attempting to tax, leading to a welfare gain (loss). (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.
