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作者：Bertrand, Marianne; Hanna, Rema; Mullainathan, Sendhil
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; Harvard University
摘要：This paper examines an affirmative action program for lower-caste groups in engineering colleges in India We Study both the targeting properties of the program, and its implications for labor market outcomes We find that affirmative action successfully targets the financially disadvantaged the Upper-caste applicants that are displaced by affirmative action come from a richer economic background than the lower-caste applicants that are displacing them Targeting by caste, however, may lead to th...
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作者：Thoron, Sylvie; Sol, Emmanuel; Willinger, Marc
作者单位：Universite de Toulon; Institut Agro; Montpellier SupAgro; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Montpellier
摘要：We investigate experimentally whether binding agreements can provide a solution to the social dilemma that arises in the presence of pure public goods. Signing a binding agreement can prevent players from free riding on the contributions to the public good. However, a well known theoretical result is that the outcome of the endogenous formation of agreements is not necessarily efficient. Our setting is a bargaining game in which agreements form sequentially. The individual level of contributio...
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作者：Poutvaara, Panu; Priks, Mikael
作者单位：Stockholm University; University of Helsinki; Copenhagen Business School; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：This paper isolates the causal effect of policing on group violence, using unique panel data on self-reported crime by soccer and ice hockey hooligans. The problem of reverse causality from violence to policing is solved by two drastic reallocations of the Stockholm Sport Intelligence and Tactical Unit to other activities following the 9/11 terrorist attack in September 2001 and the Tsunami catastrophe in December 2004. Difference-in-difference analysis reveals that Stockholm-related hooligan ...
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作者：Blumkin, Tomer; Margalioth, Yoram; Sadka, Efraim
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Tel Aviv University
摘要：In this paper, we discuss a novel aspect of affirmative action policy. We examine its redistributive role, asking whether in an egalitarian society, supplementing the tax-transfer system with an affirmative action policy would enhance social welfare. We demonstrate that affirmative action Could be a desirable policy tool even if racial discrimination does not exist in the labor market. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Imrohoroglu, Selahattin; Kitao, Sagiri
作者单位：University of Southern California
摘要：Previous literature on social security reform has used a variety of period utility functions and calibrated values for the intertemporal elasticity of substitution (IES) in labor. In this paper, we show that the effects of social security reforms on aggregate labor supply are invariant to plausible values of the IES, but the effect of such reforms on the profile of hours over the life-cycle is highly sensitive to the IES. We first establish these results analytically in a simple partial-equili...
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作者：Pekkarinen, Tuomas; Uusitalo, Roope; Kerr, Sari
作者单位：Aalto University
摘要：This paper estimates the effect of a major education reform on intergenerational income mobility. The Finnish comprehensive school reform of 1972-1977 replaced the old two-track school system with a uniform nine-year comprehensive school and shifted the selection of students to vocational and academic tracks from age 11 to age 16. We estimate the effect of this reform on the intergenerational income elasticity using a representative sample of males born between 1960 and 1966. The identificatio...
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作者：Svaleryd, Helena; Vlachos, Jonas
作者单位：Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN); Stockholm University
摘要：A fundamental problem in all political systems is that the people in power may extract rents to the detriment of the general public, In a democracy, electoral competition and information provided by the media may keep such rent extraction at bay. We develop a simple model where rents are decreasing in the degree of political competition and voter information. in line with our theoretical predictions, we find that both increased political competition and increased local media coverage substanti...
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作者：Coats, Jennifer C.; Gronberg, Timothy J.; Grosskopf, Brit
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins
摘要：We experimentally study contributing behavior to a threshold public good under simultaneous and sequential voluntary contribution mechanisms and investigate how refund policies interact with the mechanism. We find that, for a given refund rule, efficiency is greater under a sequential contribution mechanism than under a simultaneous contribution mechanism. Furthermore, for a given order of contributions, we find that full refund unambiguously achieves higher efficiency in the simultaneous mech...
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作者：Love, David A.; Palumbo, Michael G.; Smith, Paul A.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors; Williams College
摘要：In this paper, we develop a measure of household resources that converts total financial and non-financial assets, plus annuity like assets (mainly, Social Security and defined-benefit pensions) into an expected annual amount of wealth per person in retirement. We use this measure, which we call annualized comprehensive wealth, to investigate spend-down behavior among a panel of older households in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) from 1998 to 2006. Our analysis indicates that for most re...
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作者：Bellows, John; Miguel, Edward
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We study the brutal 1991-2002 Sierra Leone civil war using nationally representative household data on conflict experiences, postwar economic outcomes, local politics and collective action. Individuals whose households directly experienced more intense war violence are robustly more likely to attend community meetings, more likely to join local political and community groups, and more likely to vote. Tests using prewar controls and alternative samples suggest that selection into victimization ...
