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作者：Bourguignon, Francois; Platteau, Jean-Philippe
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; University of Namur
摘要：This paper considers the case of transfers when there exists a serious preference misalignment between the transfer-maker and the beneficiary. The former wants to reduce the resulting outcome discrepancy through monitoring the use of the transfer and imposing sanctions if the discrepancy proves too large. This external discipline combines with the 'internal discipline' of the beneficiary, that is his/her willingness and ability to align with the transfer-maker's objective. Besides the fact tha...
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作者：Carvalho, Augusto; Guimaraes, Bernardo
摘要：The 2014 Brazilian election offers an opportunity to estimate the vulnerability of state-controlled companies to political risk. This paper proposes a method for studying the effect of an election on asset prices using only data on stock options. We apply this method to the 2014 Brazilian Presidential election. Results suggest that Petrobras, the Brazilian oil company, would be worth around 60%-65% more if the incumbent, Ms. Rousseff, had not been reelected. We also find that reelection had a ...
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作者：Joensen, Juanna Schroter; Nielsen, Helena Skyt
作者单位：University of Chicago; Aarhus University
摘要：This paper examines how skills are shaped by social interactions in families. We show that older siblings causally affect younger siblings educational choices and early career earnings. We focus on critical course choices in high school and overcome the identification challenges of estimating spillover effects in education by exploiting exogenous variation in choice sets stemming from a pilot program. The pilot induced an essentially random subset of older siblings to choose advanced math-scie...
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作者：Marion, Justin; Muehlegger, Erich
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：Fiscal externalities across jurisdictions can arise from tax evasion and avoidance. While the tax competition literature has generally focused on base shifting and the resulting positive fiscal externalities, we show theoretically and empirically that negative fiscal externalities can dominate when the tax base is apportioned across jurisdictions. This can lead to a negative relationship between jurisdiction size and the desired tax rate. Interstate truckers in the United States owe state dies...
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作者：Ferreyra, Maria Marta; Kosenok, Grigory
作者单位：The World Bank; New Economic School
摘要：This paper develops and estimates an equilibrium model of charter school entry and school choice. In the model, households choose among public, private, and charter schools, and a regulator authorizes charter entry and mandates charter exit. The model is estimated for Washington, D.C. According to the estimates, charters generate net social gains by providing additional school options, and they benefit non-white, low-income, and middle-school students the most. Further, policies that raise the...
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作者：Reischmann, Andreas; Oechssler, Joerg
作者单位：Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg
摘要：We present a new and simple mechanism for repeated public good environments. In the Binary Conditional Contribution Mechanism (BCCM), every agent's message has the form, I am willing to contribute to the public good if at least k agents contribute in total.This mechanism offers agents risk-free strategies, which we call unexploitable. We prove that if agents choose unexploitable messages in a Better Response Dynamics model, all stable outcomes of the BCCM are Pareto efficient. We conduct a lab...
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作者：Eliason, Paul; Lutz, Byron
作者单位：Brigham Young University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：Fiscal rules attempt to alter budget outcomes by constraining policy makers. They have been one of the primary responses to the recent string of fiscal crises around the globe. We ask if these rules succeed in altering fiscal outcomes by examining what is arguably the most stringent set of fiscal rules in the U.S.-Colorado's Taxpayer Bill of Rights (TABOR). As TABOR attempts to constrain both taxes and expenditures, we develop a novel approach of estimating treatment effects for multiple outco...
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作者：Mitrut, Andreea; Tudor, Simona
作者单位：University of Gothenburg; Stockholm University; University of Gothenburg
摘要：This study uses quasi-experimental variation from a public health program implemented in Romania that targeted Roma, Europe's largest and most disadvantaged ethnic minority. The program employed health mediators to increase the provision of information about already existing, free of charge health services available for children and pregnant women. We find that, in rural areas, the program led to large increases in prenatal care take-up rates but no improvements in children's health at birth. ...
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作者：Estelle, Sarah M.; Phillips, David C.
作者单位：Hope College; University of Notre Dame
摘要：Public appeals regarding criminal justice have shifted somewhat from tough on crime to smart justice that is more lenient when tradeoffs merit it. Among other considerations, smart sentencing policy depends on how sentence severity affects recidivism. Using administrative data on two common non-violent felonies committed by adults in Michigan, we measure the effect of sentences on offenders' future criminal activity. Discontinuities in the legislative guidelines that constrain sentences chosen...
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作者：Rossin-Slater, Maya; Wust, Miriam
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We study parental responses to child support obligations using rich administrative data from Denmark and variation in the child support formula. We estimate that a 1000 DICK ($160) increase in a father's obligation is associated with a 273 DKK ($45) increase in his payment. A higher obligation reduces father-child co-residence, pointing to substitution between financial and non-pecuniary investments. Further, obligations increase post-separation fertility among remarried fathers, but have no i...
