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作者：Lazear, Edward P.
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：The composition of immigrants depends not only on immigrant choice but also on immigration policy, because slots are rationed. Policy determines immigrant attainment, as evidenced by immigrants from Algeria having higher educational attainment than those from Israel or Japan. Theory predicts and evidence confirms that immigrant attainment is inversely related to the number admitted from a source country and positively related to population and education levels at home. A parsimonious specifica...
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作者：Meyer, Bruce D.; Wu, Derek; Mooers, Victoria; Medalia, Carla
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University
摘要：Recent research suggests that the share of US households living on less than $2/person/day is high and rising. We reexamine such extreme poverty by linking SIPP and CPS data to administrative tax and program data. We find that more than 90% of those reported to be in extreme poverty are not, once we include in-kind transfers, replace survey reports of earnings and transfer receipt with administrative records, and account for ownership of substantial assets. More than half of all misclassified ...
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作者：Frederiksen, Anders; Manchester, Colleen Flaherty
作者单位：Aarhus University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：We study how firms' personnel practices react to labor market regulation. While a company is compelled to comply with a new law, what is the ripple effect of the change on existing personnel policies and practices? We provide evidence using passage of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act and nearly two decades of administrative data from a large US firm. In line with theory, we find a weakening of long-term implicit incentives and movement toward pay for performance. Furthermore, the data ...
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作者：Aaronson, Daniel; Kahn, Lisa B.; Meghir, Costas; Taber, Christopher
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; University of Rochester; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Yale University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
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作者：Rose, Evan K.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This paper uses administrative employment and conviction data to evaluate laws that restrict access to job seekers' criminal records. Convictions generate decreases in employment and earnings, partly due to shifts toward lower-paying industries less likely to check criminal histories. However, a 2013 Seattle law barring employers from examining job seekers' records until after an initial screening had negligible impacts on ex-offenders' labor market outcomes. The results are consistent with em...
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作者：Rho, Deborah; Sanders, Seth
作者单位：University of St Thomas Minnesota; Duke University
摘要：We construct the first long-term comparison of cross-sectional and panel estimates of immigrant earnings assimilation in the United States from a single data source. Unlike previous results, we find that selective out-migration of higher-earning immigrants biases downward cross-sectional estimates for all education groups. Cross-sectional estimates dramatically understate earnings growth for high-skilled foreign-born workers. The bias stems from both selective out-migration and selective emplo...
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作者：Guiso, Luigi; Pistaferri, Luigi; Schivardi, Fabiano
作者单位：Stanford University; Luiss Guido Carli University
摘要：We document that individuals who grow up in high firm density areas are more likely to become entrepreneurs, given firm density in their current location, and to run businesses in the sector with the highest density when young. Firm density at an entrepreneur's young age drives current firm profitability and is more important than current density for business performance. Results hold in a sample of movers, which allows addressing endogeneity concerns. These results are consistent with entrepr...
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作者：Aaronson, Daniel; Mazumder, Bhashkar; Sanders, Seth G.; Taylor, Evan J.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; Cornell University; University of Arizona
摘要：How does school quality affect health amid multiple behavioral responses? The Rosenwald schools transformed school quality for rural southern African Americans in the early 1900s. Research shows that the schools made black migration northward more likely and that the Great Migration shortened life expectancy for these migrants. Besides the hypothesized health-enhancing effects of school quality, negative health effects might also occur through migration. We disentangle behavioral mechanisms an...
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作者：Brucker, Herbert; Glitz, Albrecht; Lerche, Adrian; Romiti, Agnese
作者单位：Humboldt University of Berlin; Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; University of Strathclyde
摘要：We analyze how the formal recognition of foreign qualifications affects immigrants' labor market outcomes. The empirical analysis is based on a novel German data set that links respondents' survey information to their administrative records, allowing us to observe immigrants at monthly intervals before, during, and after their application for occupational recognition. We find that 3 years after obtaining recognition, immigrants earn 19.8% higher wages and are 24.5 percentage points more likely...
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作者：Nagler, Markus; Piopiunik, Marc; West, Martin R.
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：How do alternative job opportunities affect teacher quality? We provide causal evidence on this question by exploiting business cycle conditions at career start as a source of exogenous variation in the outside options of potential teachers. Unlike prior research, we directly assess teacher quality with value-added measures of impacts on student test scores, using administrative data on over 30,000 Florida public school teachers. Consistent with a Roy model of occupational choice, teachers ent...
