-
作者：Dutt, Pushan; Mitra, Devashish; Ranjan, Priya
作者单位：Syracuse University; INSEAD Business School; University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：We present a model of trade and search-induced unemployment, where trade results from Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O) and/or Ricardian comparative advantage. Using cross-country data on trade policy, unemployment, and various controls, and controlling for endogeneity and measurement-error problems, we find fairly strong and robust evidence for the Ricardian prediction that unemployment and trade openness are negatively related. This effect dominates the positive H-O effect of trade openness on unemploym...
-
作者：Do, Julan; Lu, Yi; Tao, Zhigang
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong
摘要：In organizing production, many firms conduct bi-sourcing, i.e., acquiring the same set of inputs both by buying from external suppliers (outsourcing) and carrying out in-house production (insourcing). We show that, by adopting the bi-sourcing strategy, firms can use the payoff from one supplier as a backup option in negotiating with the other supplier (the cross-threat effect). When firms conduct bi-sourcing in the global economy consisting of the high-waged North and low-waged South, they nee...
-
作者：Eden, Benjamin
作者单位：Vanderbilt University
摘要：This paper studies the choice of tariffs and other type of consumption taxes and subsidies in a flexible price version of the Prescott [Prescott, Edward C., 1975. Efficiency of the Natural Rate. journal of Political Economy 83,1229-1236.] hotels model. It is shown that a country with unstable demand may benefit from a tariff on imports. More surprisingly, the exporting country may also benefit from the tariff. In general, I consider the problem of a world planner who chooses country specific c...
-
作者：Klimenko, Mikhail M.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：The paper considers a country (home) in which consumers have heterogeneous preferences over ex ante incompatible domestic and imported products and benefit from a network externality. We analyze the cases with trade under perfect competition and the international duopoly, in which both governments strategically use policies toward compatibility but cannot use conventional trade policies. In both cases, the equilibrium outcome of the non-cooperative game depends upon the strength of the network...
-
作者：Baier, Scott L.; Bergstrand, Jeffrey H.
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; Clemson University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Atlanta; University of Notre Dame; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Using a Taylor-series expansion, we solve for a simple reduced-form gravity equation revealing a transparent theoretical relationship among bilateral trade flows, incomes, and trade costs, based upon the model in Anderson and van Wincoop [Anderson, James E., and van Wincoop, Eric. Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle. American Economic Review 93, no. 1 (March 2003): 170-192.]. Monte Carlo results support that virtually identical coefficient estimates are obtained easily by es...
-
作者：Stoyanov, Andrey
作者单位：York University - Canada
摘要：This paper studies the effect of foreign lobbies on trade policy of a country which is a member of a Free Trade Agreement (FTA). It uses a monopolistically competitive political economy model in which the government determines external tariffs endogenously. The effect of foreign lobbying under the FTA is examined empirically using Canadian industry-level trade data that allow differentiating of lobby groups by the country of origin. The analysis suggests that the presence of foreign lobbying h...
-
作者：Acosta, Pablo A.; Lartey, Emmanuel K. K.; Mandelman, Federico S.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Atlanta; The World Bank; California State University System; California State University Fullerton
摘要：Using data for El Salvador and Bayesian techniques, we develop and estimate a two-sector dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model to analyze the effects of remittances on emerging market economies. We find that, whether altruistically motivated or otherwise, an increase in remittance flows leads to a decline in labor supply and an increase in consumption demand that is biased toward non-tradables. The higher non-tradable prices serve as incentive for an expansion of that sector, culminatin...
-
作者：Brambilla, Irene
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Multiproduct firms and product turnover are widespread phenomena. This paper develops a theoretical framework that links advantages in R&D and variable costs with firm's ability to expand its portfolio of products. The framework is then applied to explain systematic differences in product introduction by affiliates of multinationals and firms that only operate domestically. Using firm-level data for the Chinese manufacturing sector during 1998-2000, I compare the performance of foreign and dom...
-
作者：Kuhn, Peter; McAusland, Carol
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We consider the welfare effects of skilled worker emigration in a context where skilled labor plays a role in product or process design. We show such emigration can benefit the residents left behind, even when consumers' tastes exhibit a form of home bias. This is because emigration improves the design of goods designed by skilled emigrants but consumed in the sending country. In contrast to existing models of beneficial brain drain, our results do not require agglomeration economies, educatio...
-
作者：Kano, Takashi
作者单位：University of Tokyo
摘要：In a recent paper, Gruber (Gruber, J.W., 2004. A present value test of habits and the current account. journal of Monetary Economics 51, 1495-1507) claims that habit formation in consumption plays an important role in current account fluctuations in selected developed countries, extending the present-value model of the current account (PVM) with consumption habits. In this paper, however, I show that the habit-forming PVM is observationally equivalent to the PVM augmented with persistent trans...
