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作者：Lawless, Martina
摘要：Two recent trends in international economics have been an increased focus on the geography of trade (e.g. what factors determine where a country exports) and the emergence of new theoretical and empirical work examining exporting activity at the firm-level. However, data limitations have prevented much progress in combining these two areas, because very few countries provide firm-level data breaking down firm exports by their destination. This paper uses a unique survey of Irish exporting firm...
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作者：Raff, Horst; Schmitt, Nicolas
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; University of Kiel; University of Kiel; Leibniz Association; Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der Universitat Kiel (IFW)
摘要：This paper investigates the implications for international markets of the existence of retailers/wholesalers with market power. Two main results are shown. First, in the presence of buyer power trade liberalization may lead to retail market concentration. Due to this concentration retail prices may be higher and welfare may be lower in free trade than in autarky, thus reversing the standard effects of trade liberalization. Second, the pro-competitive effects of trade liberalization are weaker ...
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作者：Edwards, Sebastian; Rigobon, Roberto
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：We use high frequency data and a new econometric approach to evaluate the effectiveness of controls on capital inflows. We focus on Chile's experience during the 1990s, and investigate whether controls on capital inflows reduced Chile's vulnerability to external shocks. We recognize that changes in the controls will affect the way in which different macro variables relate to each other. In particular, we consider the case where controls co-exist with an exchange rate band aimed at managing the...
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作者：Kalemli-Ozcan, Sabnem
作者单位：University of Houston System; University of Houston
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作者：Keuschnigg, Christian; Ribi, Evelyn
作者单位：University of St Gallen; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：The paper investigates the consequences of outsourcing of labor intensive activities to low-wage economies. This trend challenges the two basic functions of the welfare state, redistribution and social insurance when private unemployment insurance markets are missing. The main results are: (i) outsourcing raises unemployment and labor income risk of unskilled workers; (ii) it increases inequality between high- and low-income groups; and (iii) the gains from outsourcing can be made Pareto impro...
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作者：Bernhofen, Daniel M.
作者单位：University of Nottingham; University of Nottingham
摘要：This paper examines the theoretical predictions of the multi-cone Heckscher-Ohlin model and the empirical evidence for it. I extend Helpman (1984)by identifying additional restrictions that characterize the free trade equilibrium. I illustrate that the complete set of restrictions are the building blocks of a multi-cone factor content specification which is the factor content dual to Alan Deardorff's (1979)well-known chain of comparative advantage goods prediction. The theoretical analysis imp...
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作者：Kitano, Taiju; Ohashi, Hiroshi
作者单位：University of Tokyo
摘要：This paper examines US safeguards applied to the motorcycle market in the 1980s. After receiving temporary protection by means of a maximum tariff of over 45%, Harley-Davidson sales recovered dramatically. Simulations, based on structural demand and supply estimates, indicate that while safeguard tariffs did benefit Harley-Davidson, they only account for a fraction of its increased sales. This is primarily because consumers perceived that Harley-Davidson and Japanese large motorcycles were poo...
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作者：Seidmann, Daniel J.
作者单位：University of Nottingham
摘要：We analyze a three-country model of trade negotiations in which countries can form bilateral free trade areas, bilateral customs unions or a trilateral preferential trading arrangement, and can continue negotiating after reaching an agreement. In contrast to the literature on multilateral bargaining, the set of agreements can form a (nonpartitional) network, while in contrast to the network literature, players can reach multilateral agreements. Patient enough countries only reach bilateral agr...
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作者：Zissimos, Ben
作者单位：Vanderbilt University
摘要：This paper identifies a new terms-of-trade externality that is exercised through tariff setting. A North-South model of international trade is introduced in which the number of countries in each region can be varied. As the number of countries in one region is increased, each government there competes more aggressively with the others in its region, by lowering its tariff, to attract imports from the other region. In doing so, all countries in a region exert a negative terms-of-trade externali...
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作者：Balat, Jorge; Brambilla, Irene; Porto, Guido
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; The World Bank
摘要：This paper explores the role of export costs in the process of poverty reduction in rural Africa. We claim that the marketing costs that emerge when the commercialization of export crops requires intermediaries can lead to lower participation into export cropping and, thus, to higher poverty. We test the model using data from the Uganda National Household Survey. We show that: i) farmers living in villages with fewer outlets for sales of agricultural exports are likely to be poorer than farmer...
