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作者:University of Southern California
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作者:University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
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作者:Universite de Lille
摘要:This article tests whether smaller domestic markets can explain why France industrialized more slowly than Britain. To do so, it uses the Tableaux du Maximum. It begins by presenting this source and then checks if the data from the source are plausible using a logit theoretical gravity equation. The results of this gravity equation are then employed to compute the expected market size of specific supply centers. Even if differences in real, nominal, and disposable income are taken into account...
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作者:University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
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作者:Universite de Montpellier; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite de Montpellier; Universite Paul-Valery
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作者:Santa Clara University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Bank of Japan; Claremont Colleges; Claremont McKenna College; Claremont Graduate University
摘要:Why did policymakers adopt the gold standard? We first examine the political economy of Japan's adoption of the gold standard in 1897 by exploring the ex ante motives of policymakers as well as how the legislative decision to adopt gold won approval. We then show that joining the gold standard did not reduce Japanese interest rates or lead to a domestic investment boom. However, we find that membership in the gold standard increased Japan's exports by lowering transactions costs. Joining gold ...
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作者:Boston University; National Bureau of Economic Research
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作者:University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
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作者:University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要:The heights of Plains nomads collected by Franz Boas varied by 9 centimeters, following an inverted U-shape by latitude, a pattern also found among Union Army soldiers born east of the Plains. To understand tribal differences, I bring new explanatory variables to the table in the study of historical heights: proxies for effort prices in hunting and gathering food, including biomass, rainfall estimated from tree rings, and tribal area, as well as proximity to trails used by western settlers and...
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作者:University of Delaware; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要:The U.S. Constitution removed real and monetary trade barriers between the states. By contrast, these states when they were British colonies exercised considerable real and monetary sovereignty over their borders. Purchasing power parity is used to measure how much economic integration between the states was gained in the decades after the Constitution's adoption compared with what existed among the same locations during the late colonial period. Using this measure, the short-run effect of the...