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作者：Salti, Nisreen; Chaaban, Jad; Moussa, Wael; Irani, Alexandra; Al Mokdad, Rima; Jamaluddine, Zeina; Ghattas, Hala
作者单位：American University of Beirut
摘要：This paper evaluates the impact of multipurpose cash assistance on refugee households, by relying on an original sampling design that allows tracing these impacts over multiple periods. Using two waves of household survey data collected in 2019 from economically vulnerable Syrian refugee households in Lebanon, we estimate the program impact of varying cash assistance durations including: discontinued recipients (received cash for 12 months then got discontinued in the next cash cycle), short-r...
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作者：Harou, Aurelie P.; Madajewicz, Malgosia; Michelson, Hope; Palm, Cheryl A.; Amuri, Nyambilila; Magomba, Christopher; Semoka, Johnson M.; Tschirhart, Kevin; Weil, Ray
作者单位：McGill University; Columbia University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Sokoine University of Agriculture; Sokoine University of Agriculture; Columbia University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Low investment in profitable technologies contributes to persistent poverty. Many farmers in developing countries invest too little in fertilizer despite evidence that fertilizer is profitable. This field experiment investigates a two-part explanation: (1) farmers are reluctant to invest without farm-specific evidence of profitability, possibly because of heterogeneous returns, and (2) information is not sufficient to increase investment because of financing constraints. Farmers in one arm of ...
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作者：Harris-Fry, Helen; Saville, Naomi M.; Paudel, Puskar; Manandhar, Dharma S.; Cortina-Borja, Mario; Skordis, Jolene
作者单位：University of London; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine; University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London
摘要：We estimate the effects of antenatal food and cash transfers with women's groups on household allocative behaviour and explore whether these effects are explained by intergenerational bargaining among women. Interventions were tested in randomised-controlled trial in rural Nepal, in a food-insecure context where pregnant women are allocated the least adequate diets. We show households enrolled in a cash transfer intervention allocated pregnant women with 2-3 pp larger shares of multiple foods ...
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作者：D'Exelle, Ben; Ringdal, Charlotte
作者单位：University of East Anglia; University of Amsterdam; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：Despite the increased availability of family planning services (FPS) in low-income countries, their use remains low, especially in rural sub-Saharan Africa. To investigate to what extent this is explained by the husband's involvement in the decision process, we use an experiment in rural Tanzania in which couples choose between two payments, one being conditional on attending a family planning meeting at a health center. Experimentally varying the husband's involvement, we find that FPS are mo...
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作者：Tompsett, Anna
作者单位：Stockholm University
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作者：Tsuda, Shunsuke
作者单位：Brown University
摘要：This paper sheds light on the structure of factor and output market frictions to investigate long-term effects of refugee inflows on host farmers. Combining a canonical agricultural household model, the natural experimental setting of mass refugee inflows into Tanzania in the early 1990s, and longitudinal panel data from the host economy, I show that refugee inflows cause market-specific gains and losses. Refugee inflows tighten the off-farm labor market participation constraint, implying an i...
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作者：Stiebale, Joel; Vencappa, Dev
作者单位：Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; University of Nottingham; University of Manchester; Alliance Manchester Business School; University of Manchester
摘要：Recent theoretical contributions provide conflicting predictions about the effects of product market competition on firms' organizational choices. This paper uses a rich firm-product-level panel data set of Indian manufacturing firms to analyze the relationship between import competition and vertical integration. Exploiting exogenous variation from changes in India's trade policy, we find that foreign competition, induced by falling output tariffs, increases backward vertical integration by do...
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作者：Chan, Jeff
作者单位：Wilfrid Laurier University
摘要：I examine how market access affects farming output and whether changes to output were driven by increasing concentration in production. To do so, I use the American railroad expansion in the late 19th century as a natural experiment. I first show that farm output increases in counties with greater market access but output concentration does not. I show that changes in farming output are driven by an expansion in land used for farming and increased rural population. Finally, I use potential yie...
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作者：Brotherhood, Luiz; Cavalcanti, Tiago; Da Mata, Daniel; Santos, Cezar
作者单位：University of Barcelona; Getulio Vargas Foundation; University of Cambridge; Getulio Vargas Foundation; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：How do slums shape the economic and health dynamics of pandemics? A difference-in-differences analysis using millions of mobile phones in Brazil shows that residents of overcrowded slums engaged in less social distancing after the outbreak of Covid-19. We develop and calibrate a choice-theoretic equilibrium model in which individuals are heterogeneous in income and some people live in high-density slums. Slum residents account for a disproportionately high number of infections and deaths and, ...
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作者：Klonner, Stefan; Oldiges, Christian
作者单位：Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; University of Oxford
摘要：We assess the welfare effects of India's workfare program NREGA using a novel, almost sharp regression discontinuity design. We find large seasonal consumption increases in states implementing the program intensely, which are a multiple of the direct income gains. We also find increases in adolescents' schooling. Our results imply substantial beneficial indirect effects of this large welfare program. We conclude that public employment programs hold significant potential for reducing poverty an...
