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作者：Werner, Katharina; Skali, Ahmed
作者单位：University of Cologne; University of Passau; University of Groningen
摘要：How does conflict exposure affect trust? We hypothesize that direct (first-hand) experience with conflict induces parochialism: trust towards out-groups worsens, but trust towards in-groups, owing to positive experiences of kin solidarity, may improve. Indirect exposure to conflict through third-party accounts, on the other hand, reduces trust toward everyone, arguably owing to negativity bias. We find consistent support for our hypotheses in a labin-the-field experiment in Maluku, Indonesia, ...
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作者：Rothenberg, Alexander D.; Wang, Yao; Chari, Amalavoyal
作者单位：Syracuse University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of Sussex
摘要：We study Indonesia's Integrated Economic Development Zone (KAPET) program. Although firms in KAPET districts paid lower capital taxes, the program's incentives neither stimulated entry nor increased output, and KAPET districts experienced similar development outcomes relative to non-treated districts. To investigate whether regional policies could be more optimally redesigned, we develop a quantitative spatial model where place-based capital tax cuts affect multiple sectors and impact a transf...
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作者：do Prado, Thaline; Santos, Marcelo; Van Doornik, Bernardus
作者单位：University of Glasgow; Insper; Central Bank of Brazil
摘要：In developing economies, many formal firms hire a portion of their workforce informally to bypass the costs of stringent labor regulations. While labor inspections serve as an important policy tool to ensure compliance, promoting a more competitive labor market, they may also have unintended consequences on firms' outcomes. Using a unique set of administrative data that includes information on labor inspections, matched employer-employee data (RAIS), and credit registry data from the Central B...
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作者：Lang, Megan
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：Prepaid electricity contracts lower enforcement costs but may burden consumers, particularly when market frictions are present. I randomly offer 2,000 rural Rwandese consumers a line of credit for electricity payments that lowers liquidity constraints and transaction costs. Twenty percent borrow and demand for the credit is inelastic; however, the line of credit does not change average demand for electricity. Detailed administrative data reveal that consumers primarily use the line of credit t...
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作者：Imbruno, Michele; Cariolle, Joel; de Melo, Jaime
作者单位：Sapienza University Rome; Universite Clermont Auvergne (UCA); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Geneva
摘要：This paper studies how the bilateral digital connectivity resulting from the deployment of telecommunications SubMarine Cable (SMC) affects firm participation in export markets. Based on a heterogeneous firm model and using an unbalanced panel of bilateral trade data across 48 countries during the period 1997-2014, we find that an SMC connection between two countries is associated with an increase in the number of bilateral exporters in developed countries, together with a reduction in the num...
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作者：Da Mata, Daniel; Oliveira, Rodrigo; Silva, Diana
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation; Universidade Federal da Bahia
摘要：Using admission lotteries and registry data linking labor market outcomes, we study the short- and medium- term effects of a vocational training program focused on disadvantaged individuals in Brazil. The intensive program is an 18-month classroom training coupled with a 6-month on-the-job training provided by government-sponsored training centers. When assessing the impacts on 15,000 winners and 200,000 nonwinners who graduated in different business cycle moments, we show that female students...
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作者：Keefer, Philip; Vlaicu, Razvan
作者单位：Inter-American Development Bank; Inter-American Development Bank
摘要：This paper addresses voter incentives for political engagement in developing countries, using self-collected experimental and quasi-experimental survey data. Does voting eligibility create intrinsic incentives to become engaged and informed, or do voters remain rationally ignorant and apathetic? What motivations underlie political interest? Are voters knowledgeable about policy issues debated during election campaigns? To address these questions, we fielded a survey of high school seniors acro...
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作者：Olurotimi, Osaretin; Foltz, Jeremy; Traore, Nouhoum
作者单位：University of Arizona; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; The World Bank
摘要：Developing countries often articulate the desire to attract more foreign direct investment (FDI) in their development and industrial policy to generate productivity spillovers. Does this policy achieve its aims? This work draws on unique firm panel data in C & ocirc;te d'Ivoire and the latest techniques of estimating productivity to provide evidence about whether FDI benefits domestic firms' productivity and export performance across all sectors. On average, we find no significant effects of F...
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作者：Decerf, Benoit
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：Global poverty lines belong to two main types that differ on how the poverty line's nominal monetary amount is adjusted to prevailing prices and preferences. Objectivepoverty lines capture the cost of a fixed list of achievements. Welfaristicpoverty lines capture the cost of a fixed level of welfare. Longstanding debates oppose their respective proponents. This conceptual paper is the first to contrast the properties of these two types of poverty lines. Our framework considers both heterogeneo...
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作者：Hoy, Christopher
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：This paper examines how the progressivity of taxes and government transfers impacts tax morale through a randomized survey experiment with over 30,000 respondents across eight developing countries. Respondents increased (decreased) their tax morale when they received accurate information that taxes in their country are progressive (not progressive). These effects were predominantly driven by respondents incases where the information they received was counter to their prior beliefs and/or consi...
