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作者：Agénor, PR
作者单位：University of Manchester
摘要：This paper studies the labor market effects of fiscal adjustment in a two-sector, three-good intertemporal framework. Key features of the model are an informal sector, minimum wages, unionized labor in the formal economy, imperfect labor mobility, and public production of intermediate inputs. Luxury and wait unemployment prevail in equilibrium. It is shown that if unions care sufficiently about employment, and if the degree of openness is high, an increase in the price of government services m...
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作者：Fafchamps, M; Gabre-Madhin, E; Minten, B
作者单位：University of Oxford; The World Bank; Cornell University
摘要：Using detailed trader surveys in Benin, Madagascar, and Malawi, this paper investigates the presence of increasing returns in agricultural trade. After analyzing margins, costs, and value added, we find little evidence of returns to scale. Motorized transport is found more cost effective for large loads on longer distances. But transporters appear to pool quantities from multiple traders. Margin rates show little relationship with transaction size. Personal travel costs are a source of increas...
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作者：Tillmann, P
作者单位：University of Bonn
摘要：To correct the disincentives of liquidity assistance during financial crises, the official sector attempts to involve the private sector in the resolution of debt crises. This paper empirically tests the reaction of investors to announcements of private sector involvement (PSI). For this purpose, we disentangle shifts in risk premia incorporated in excess returns on emerging market bonds into changes in risk and shifts in the price of risk. A regime-switching ARCH-M model is employed to separa...
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作者：Paap, R; Franses, PH; van Dijk, D
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
摘要：We address the question whether sub-Saharan African countries have lower average growth rates in real GDP per capita than countries in Asia, Latin and Middle America and the Middle East. In contrast to previous studies, countries are no a priori assigned to clusters based on geographical location. Instead, we propose a latent-class panel time series model, which allows a data-based classification of countries into clusters such that within a cluster countries have the same average growth rate....
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作者：Chen, Y; Puttitanun, T
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; California State University System; San Diego State University
摘要：This paper studies intellectual property rights (IPRs) and innovation in developing countries. A model is developed to illustrate the trade-off between imitating foreign technologies and encouraging domestic innovation in a developing country's choice of IPRs. It is shown that innovations in a developing country increase in its IPRs, and a country's IPRs can depend on its level of development non-monotonically, first decreasing and then increasing. Empirical analysis, with a panel of data for ...
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作者：Özden, Ç; Reinhardt, E
作者单位：Emory University
摘要：Developed countries maintain special tariff preferences, namely the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), for imports from developing countries. Critics highlight the underachieving nature of such preferences, but we know little about how they affect recipients' own trade policies. We conduct the first examination of this question, using a panel of 154 developing countries. We find that countries removed from GSP adopt more liberal trade policies than those remaining eligible. The results, ...
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作者：Fattouh, B; Scaramozzino, P; Harris, L
作者单位：University of London; University of London School Oriental & African Studies (SOAS)
摘要：Knowledge of how South Korean firms choose their capital structures has particular value due to the country's specific corporate structure and the role of leverage in the evolution of its financial crisis of 1997 and recovery. Using a large panel for the years 1992-2001, we investigate the evolution and determinants of Korean firms' capital structure and focus on differences between firms in different quantiles of the debt-capital distribution. Conditional quantile regressions show that while ...
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作者：Orrenius, PM; Zavodny, M
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Dallas
摘要：This paper examines the effect of changes in migration determinants on the skill level of undocumented Mexican immigrants. We focus on the effect of changes in economic conditions, migrant networks, and border enforcement on the educational attainment of men who cross the border illegally. Results from hazard models using data from the Mexican Migration Project indicate that migrants are not negatively selected with regard to education. However, improvements in U.S. and Mexican economic condit...
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作者：Aizenman, J
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We identify conditions under which emerging market's capitalists would oppose financial reform in an economy where entrepreneurs can borrow internationally, but foreign agents cannot hold domestic equity. A financial crisis that raises the domestic interest rate may induce the emerging market's capitalists to support opening up the economy to FDI. Even in these circumstances, the emerging market's capitalists would prefer a partial reform to a comprehensive one. If the attitude of capitalists ...
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作者：Picard, PM; Zeng, DZ
作者单位：Kagawa University; University of Manchester; Universite Catholique Louvain
摘要：In many developing countries, agriculture hires at least as many workers as manufacturing industries. We investigate an economic geography model in which agricultural goods are costly to transport and in which manufactures hire labor from the local agricultural sector as unskilled labor. Our conclusions show that the parameters in the agricultural sector are crucial to determine the spatial configuration of economic activity. We provide an analytic treatment to the model. The location equilibr...
