-
作者：Wang, P; Xie, DY
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; Vanderbilt University
摘要：This paper constructs an integrated framework to disentangle the underlying economic mechanism of industrial transformation. We consider three essential elements for the analysis: skill requirements, industry-wide spillovers and degrees of consumption subsistence. We find that human and nonhuman resources, production factor matching and industrial coordination are all important for activating a modem industry. In the process of industrial transformation, job destruction may exceed job creation...
-
作者：Chander, P; Thangavelu, SM
作者单位：National University of Singapore
摘要：This paper explores a two-period model with complementarities between investment in/adoption of new technologies and human capital accumulation/investment in education. Workers invest in education in the first period and in the second period, entrepreneurs decide whether or not to adopt a new technology. Multiple rational expectation equilibria exist: if workers believe that a large (small) fraction of entrepreneurs will adopt the new technology next period, then their return to education will...
-
作者：Söderbom, M; Teal, F
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：Three dimensions of the performance of firms in Ghana's manufacturing sector are investigated in this paper: their technology and the importance of technical and allocative efficiency. We show that the diversity of factor choices is not due to a nonhomothetic technology. Observable skills are not quantitatively important as determinants of productivity. Technical inefficiency is not lower in firms with foreign ownership or older firms and its dispersion across firms is similar to that found in...
-
作者：Subramanian, S
摘要：This note builds further on the ideas of Basu and Foster (1998), and is concerned to advance the measurement of literacy, taking due note of its positive external effects, in a simple, economical, and interpretation-friendly fashion. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
-
作者：Bertocchi, G; Spagat, M
作者单位：University of London; Royal Holloway University London; Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia
摘要：We study the evolution of an educational system founded on a hierarchical differentiation between vocational and general education, with vocational playing an inferior role in the society. The dynamics are best summarized by the ratio of the fraction of the population in vocational to that in general education, which we interpret as a measure of the degree of stratification of the society. We show that this ratio first rises and then declines with the level of development, displaying an invert...
-
作者：Bustos, A; Engel, EMRA; Galetovic, A
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Universidad de Chile
摘要：On theoretical grounds alone, there is no a priori reason why higher taxes should reduce the desired capital stock, since a tax increase reduces marginal returns but also increases depreciation and interest payment allowances. Using a panel of Chilean corporations, this paper estimates a long-run demand for capital valid for a general adjustment-cost structure. Changes in the corporate tax rate are found to have no effect on the long-run demand for capital. Furthermore, when making investment ...
-
作者：Guriev, S
作者单位：New Economic School
摘要：We study the emergence and interaction of red tape and corruption in a principal-bureaucrat-agent hierarchy. The principal is to provide the agent with a unit of a good that involves externalities so that market mechanisms fail to achieve first best. Red tape produces information but is costly to the agent and is administered by a corrupt bureaucrat. First, the bureaucrat may extort bribes from the agent in exchange for reducing the amount of red tape. Second, the bureaucrat may take bribes to...
-
作者：Ghosh, M; Whalley, J
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); University of Warwick; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Most economists' instinctive reaction to price controls is that they are harmful. Its strong enforcement results in shortages and resource misallocation, while weak enforcement often leads to black markets and high transaction costs. Given these instincts, this paper assesses the pros and cons of rice price controls in Vietnam using a multi-sector multi-household general equilibrium model. These price controls fix producer prices and allow government marketing agencies to sell at higher prices...
-
作者：de Fontenay, CC
作者单位：University of Melbourne; University of Melbourne
摘要：This paper demonstrates that a firm with market power in an influential industry can play a crucial positive or negative role in the implementation of a Big Push policy, through its impact on the profits of firms in complementary industries. The firm has incentives to use its influence to tip the balance in favor of success. Conversely, if legal institutions are weak, the threat of hold-up may deter complementary investment and lead to failure of the Big Push. This is demonstrated in one of th...
-
作者：Bandyopadhyay, S; Majumdar, B
作者单位：West Virginia University
摘要：It has been established that under free trade, transfers that are proportional to the trade volumes of recipient nations cannot immiserize them. We investigate this result in the context of a three-country model of export taxation (by recipient nations). Proportional transfers can be immiscrizing in the presence of fixed export taxes. Under Nash welfare maximizing export taxes, proportional transfers cannot immiserize the recipients. Consequences of asymmetry in size and in Nash equilibrium ta...
