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作者：Desmet, Klaus; Ortuno-Ortin, Ignacio; Wacziarg, Romain
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper uses a linguistic tree, describing the genealogical relationship between all 6912 world languages, to compute measures of diversity at different levels of linguistic aggregation. By doing so, we let the data inform us on which linguistic cleavages are most relevant for a range of political economy outcomes, rather than making ad hoc choices. We find that deep cleavages, originating thousands of years ago, lead to better predictors of civil conflict and redistribution. The opposite p...
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作者：D'Souza, Anna
作者单位：United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
摘要：This paper examines how criminalizing the act of bribing a foreign public official affects international trade flows using a watershed global anti-corruption initiative - the 1997 OECD Anti-Bribery Convention. I exploit variation in the timing of implementation by exporting countries and in the level of corruption of importing countries to quantify the Convention's effects on bilateral exports. I use a large panel of country pairs to control for confounding global and national trends and shock...
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作者：Hanushek, Eric A.; Woessmann, Ludger
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Latin American economic development has been perceived as a puzzle. The region has trailed most other world regions over the past half century despite relatively high initial development and school attainment levels. This puzzle, however, can be resolved by considering educational achievement, a direct measure of human capital. We introduce a new, more inclusive achievement measure that comes from splicing regional achievement tests into worldwide tests. In growth regressions, the positive gro...
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作者：Alcaraz, Carlo; Chiquiar, Daniel; Salcedo, Alejandrina
作者单位：Bank of Mexico
摘要：This paper studies the effects of remittances from the U.S. on child labor and school attendance in recipient Mexican households. We identify these effects using the impact of the 2008-2009 U.S. recession on remittance receipts. The methodology employed is a differences-in-differences strategy that compares households that were remittance recipients before the crisis with never-recipient households. To avoid possible selection problems, we instrument for membership in the remittance recipient ...
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作者：McKenzie, David; Rosenzweig, Mark
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作者：Lommerud, Kjell Erik; Meland, Frode; Straume, Odd Rune
作者单位：Universidade do Minho; University of Bergen
摘要：We study how incentives for North-South technology transfers in multinational enterprises are affected by labour market institutions. If workers are collectively organised, incentives for technology transfers are partly governed by firms' desire to curb trade union power. Higher union bargaining power in the North leads to more technology transfer along two different dimensions - skill upgrading of Southern workers and quality upgrading of products produced in the South - possibly to the exten...
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作者：Mansour, Hani; Rees, Daniel I.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver; Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung
摘要：No previous study has estimated the effect of intrauterine exposure to armed conflict on pregnancy outcomes. Drawing on data from the 2004 Palestinian Demographic and Health Survey, which was conducted approximately 4 years after the start of the al-Aqsa Intifada, we find that an additional conflict-related fatality 9-6 months before birth is associated with a modest increase in the probability of having a child who weighed less than 2500 g. There is also evidence, albeit less consistent, of a...
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作者：Glewwe, Paul; Kassouf, Ana Lucia
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Universidade de Sao Paulo
摘要：We examine the impact of Brazil's Bolsa Escola/Familia program on Brazilian children's education outcomes. Bolsa provides cash payments to poor households if their children (ages 6 to 15) are enrolled in school. Using school census data to compare changes in enrollment, dropping out and grade promotion across schools that adopted Bolsa at different times, we estimate that the program has: increased enrollment by about 5.5% (6.5%) in grades 1-4 (grades 5-8); lowered dropout rates by 0.5 (0.4) p...
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作者：Iacovone, Leonardo
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：This paper shows how trade liberalization can have an asymmetric effect on heterogeneous firms. It develops a neo-Schumpeterian growth model predicting that the impact of liberalization on economic performance is positive on average, but more advanced firms benefit more. These predictions are tested using Mexican plant-level data confirming that, under NAFTA, the liberalization spurred productivity growth on average. However, the empirical analysis goes beyond estimating the average effect of ...
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作者：Caeyers, Bet; Chalmers, Neil; De Weerdt, Joachim
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：This paper reports on a randomized survey experiment among 1840 households, designed to compare pen-and-paper interviewing (PAPI) to computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAM). We find that PAPI data contain a large number of errors, which can be avoided in CAPI. Error counts are not randomly distributed across the sample, but are correlated with household characteristics, potentially introducing sample bias if dubious observations need to be dropped. We demonstrate a tendency for the sprea...
