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作者：Santavirta, Torsten; Stuhler, Jan
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; University of Helsinki; Uppsala University; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：Recent studies use names-first and surnames-to estimate intergenerational mobility in sources that lack direct family links. While generating novel evidence on intergenerational transmission processes, it remains unclear how different estimators compare and how reliable they are. This paper evaluates the most popular name-based methods, using newly digitised records from Finland and US census data. We illustrate that their interpretation depends on sampling properties of the data, such as the ...
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作者：Squires, Munir
作者单位：University of British Columbia
摘要：This paper documents strong pressure to share income faced by entrepreneurs in a developing country setting. This 'kinship tax' can distort productive decisions, including investment. A lab experiment with 361 Kenyan entrepreneurs reveals that a third of them face distortionary pressure to share income. This kinship tax is higher for men, and increasing in entrepreneurial ability. Using a pre-existing randomised cash transfer experiment, I find that only male entrepreneurs who do not face dist...
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作者：Ash, Elliott; Poyker, Michael
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Local exposure to conservative news causes judges to impose harsher criminal sentences. Our evidence comes from an instrumental variable analysis, where randomness in television channel positioning across localities induces exogenous variation in exposure to the Fox News Channel. These treatment data on news viewership are taken to outcome data on almost seven million criminal sentencing decisions in the United States for the years 2005-17. Higher Fox News viewership increases incarceration le...
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作者：Ahmed, Firoz; Hodler, Roland; Islam, Asad
作者单位：Monash University; Monash University; Technical University of Munich; Khulna University; University of St Gallen; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Monash University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：To study the effects of non-partisan information and get-out-the-vote campaigns on the partisan composition of the voting population in competitive authoritarian elections, we conducted a large-scale field experiment prior to the 2018 Bangladeshi general election. Our two treatments highlight that high turnout increases the winning party's legitimacy and that election outcomes matter for policy outcomes. Both treatments increase turnout (measured by ink marks) in government strongholds, but de...
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作者：Cerrone, Claudia; Hermstruwer, Yoan; Kesten, Onur
作者单位：University of Zurich; City St Georges, University of London; University of Zurich; University of Sydney
摘要：Public school choice often yields student assignments that are neither fair nor efficient. The efficiency-adjusted deferred acceptance mechanism allows students to consent to waive priorities that have no effect on their assignments. A burgeoning recent literature places the efficiency-adjusted deferred acceptance mechanism at the centre of the trade-off between efficiency and fairness in school choice. Meanwhile, the Flemish Ministry of Education has taken the first steps to implement this al...
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作者：D'Amico, Stefania; Seida, Tim
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; Northwestern University
摘要：To analyse the evolution of the effects of quantitative easing and tightening across consecutive announcements, we focus on their unexpected component. Treasury yield sensitivities to quantitative tightening supply surprises are on average larger than sensitivities to quantitative easing surprises, implying that supply effects did not diminish during periods of market calm amid economic expansion. Yield sensitivities to later quantitative easing and tightening surprises do not fall monotonical...
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作者：Duran, Jorge; Licandro, Omar
作者单位：University of Leicester
摘要：This paper shows that, in a dynamic general equilibrium framework, the rate of output growth as measured by national income and product accounts reflects changes in welfare in the precise sense of equivalent variation. The main argument is straightforward. In a two-sector dynamic general equilibrium model of heterogeneous households, recursive preferences and quasi-concave technology, the Bellman equation provides a representation of household preferences over current consumption and investmen...
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作者：Clark, Andrew E.; Zhu, Rong
作者单位：Flinders University South Australia; Paris School of Economics; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Flinders University South Australia; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We use Australian panel data to examine the impact of retirement on individual locus of control, a socio-emotional skill with substantial explanatory power for a broad range of life outcomes. Exploiting the eligibility age for the Australian Age Pension, we find that retirement leads to increased internal locus of control. This greater internal control explains around one-third and one-fifth of the positive effects of retirement on health and subjective well-being, respectively. We also show t...
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作者：Guo, Naijia; Wang, Shuangxin; Zhang, Junsen
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; Jinan University; Zhejiang University
摘要：This study estimates the direct and spillover effects of a free education programme on educational outcomes in rural China. We find that, although the programme encourages more eligible children to attend secondary school, it also leads to a decrease in high school enrolment among ineligible girls with eligible siblings, as they are more likely to choose work instead. In the long run, males exposed to free education have more years of schooling than their non-exposed counterparts. However, suc...
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作者：Boucher, Stephen R.; Carter, Michael R.; Flatnes, Jon Einar; Lybbert, Travis J.; Malacarne, Jonathan G.; Mareyna, Paswel P.; Paul, Laura A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Cape Town; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
摘要：Using a multi-year, spatially diversified randomised controlled trial spanning two African countries, this paper explores whether a complementary bundle of genetic and financial technologies can boost the resilience and productivity of small-scale farmers. The analysis shows that both moderate droughts and more severe yield losses undermine the resilience of control-group households, and that these shocks have long-lasting effects as farmers invest and produce less following shocks. Severe yie...
