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作者：Leib, Margarita; Koebis, Nils; Rilke, Rainer Michael; Hagens, Marloes; Irlenbusch, Bernd
作者单位：Tilburg University; Max Planck Society; WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; University of Cologne
摘要：Artificial intelligence increasingly becomes an indispensable advisor. New ethical concerns arise if artificial intelligence persuades people to behave dishonestly. In an experiment, we study how artificial intelligence advice (generated by a natural language processing algorithm) affects (dis)honesty, compare it to equivalent human advice and test whether transparency about the advice source matters. We find that dishonesty-promoting advice increases dishonesty, whereas honesty-promoting advi...
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作者：Dyrda, Sebastian; Pugsley, Benjamin
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Notre Dame
摘要：Almost half of all private employment in the United States is within businesses that do not pay corporate income tax. Instead, business income passes through to the owners' individual income taxes. This pass-through share of employment has more than tripled since the early 1980s. Using comprehensive, confidential administrative data, this paper highlights five core findings underlying this growth: (1) the rise in pass-throughs is pervasive across industries and states; (2) the pass-through sha...
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作者：Lee, Munseob
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Cross-country disparities in labour productivity are more pronounced in agriculture than other sectors. I posit that the misallocation of female talent between sectors distorts productivity and formalise a general equilibrium Roy model with gender-specific frictions. If female workers encounter greater barriers in non-agricultural sectors, female workers who are better skilled at non-agricultural jobs may select into the agricultural sector. Analysis of data from sixty-six countries reveals th...
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作者：Aslim, Erkmen G.; Fu, Wei; Liu, Chia-Lun; Tekin, Erdal
作者单位：University of Vermont; University of Louisville; Analysis Group Inc.; American University
摘要：This paper evaluates the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the individual propensity to delay or skip medical care. Our research design exploits the arguably exogenous variation in age-specific vaccine eligibility rollout across states and over time as an instrument for individual vaccination status. We find that receiving a COVID-19 vaccine reduces the likelihood of delaying care for any medical condition by 37%. Furthermore, our analysis reveals that children are significantly less likely to...
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作者：McIntosh, Craig; Zeitlin, Andrew
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Georgetown University
摘要：We develop a methodology to benchmark in-kind programs against cost-equivalent cash transfers. Our application compares a multi-dimensional child nutrition intervention to unconditional cash transfers, using randomised variation in transfer amounts and regression adjustment of expenditures to estimate impacts of cash transfers at identical cost as well as to estimate the return to increasing cash transfer amounts. While neither the in-kind program nor a cost-equivalent transfer costing ${\$}$1...
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作者：Salant, Stephen W.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This article presents examples of arbitrage deterrence from the pharmaceutical, chemical and auto industries. Based on these cases, it develops two models where a monopolist prices and spends to deter arbitrage. The models differ in whether the lower price is set by the firm or negotiated with a representative of consumers. In both models, imports into the high-price market are completely deterred, but the two markets are nonetheless linked by the threat of arbitrage. If this linkage is ignore...
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作者：van der Kwaak, Christiaan
作者单位：University of Groningen; University of Groningen
摘要：I investigate the macroeconomic impact of central bank funding becoming a more attractive funding source to financial intermediaries in times of crisis. I show that the requirement to pledge collateral has a contractionary effect on private credit, everything else equal, and thereby reduces the expansionary effect that such lending otherwise has. I use an estimated New Keynesian model with financial frictions to show that the collateral effect explains the limited growth of Italian banks' priv...
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作者：Dur, Robert; Non, Arjan; Prottung, Paul; Ricci, Benedetta
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Boston Consulting Group (BCG)
摘要：In many public policy areas, randomised policy experiments can greatly contribute to our knowledge of the effects of policies and can thus help to improve public policy. However, policy experiments are not very common. This paper studies whether a lack of appreciation for policy experiments among voters may be the reason for this. Collecting survey data representative of the Dutch electorate, we find clear evidence contradicting this view. Voters strongly support policy experimentation and par...
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作者：Loria, Francesca; Matthes, Christian; Zhang, Donghai
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; National University of Singapore
摘要：Real gross domestic product and industrial production in the United States display substantial asymmetry and tail risk. Is this asymmetry driven by a specific structural shock? Our empirical approach, based on quantile regressions and local projections, suggests otherwise. We find that the tenth percentile of predictive growth distributions responds between three and six times more than the median to monetary policy shocks, financial shocks, uncertainty shocks, and oil price shocks, indicating...
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作者：Bouton, Laurent; Castanheira, Micael; Drazen, Allan
作者单位：Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Georgetown University; Georgetown University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Popular and academic discussions have mostly concentrated on large donors, even though small donors are a major source of financing for political campaigns. We propose a theory of small donors with a key novelty: it centres on the interactions between small donors and the parties' fundraising strategy. In equilibrium, parties micro-target donors with a higher contribution potential (that is, richer and with more intense preferences) and increase their total fundraising effort in close races. T...
