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作者：Carleton, Tamma; Jina, Amir; Delgado, Michael; Greenstone, Michael; Houser, Trevor; Hsiang, Solomon; Hultgren, Andrew; Kopp, Robert E.; McCusker, Kelly E.; Nath, Ishan; Rising, James; Rode, Ashwin; Seo, Hee Kwon; Viaene, Arvid; Yuan, Jiacan; Zhang, Alice Tianbo
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Princeton University; University of Delaware; The World Bank; Fudan University; Washington & Lee University
摘要：Using 40 countries' subnational data, we estimate age-specific mortality-temperature relationships and extrapolate them to countries without data today and into a future with climate change. We uncover a U-shaped relationship where extre6me cold and hot temperatures increase mortality rates, especially for the elderly. Critically, this relationship is flattened by higher incomes and adaptation to local climate. Using a revealed-preference approach to recover unobserved adaptation costs, we est...
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作者：DellaVigna, Stefano; Heining, Joerg; Schmieder, Johannes F.; Trenkle, Simon
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Boston University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：The job-finding rate of unemployment insurance (UI) recipients declines in the initial months of unemployment and then exhibits a spike at the benefit exhaustion point. A range of theoretical explanations have been proposed, but those are hard to disentangle using data on job finding alone. To better understand the underlying mechanisms, we conducted a large text-message-based survey of unemployed workers in Germany. We surveyed 6,349 UI recipients twice a week for four months about their job ...
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作者：Angrist, Joshua; Autor, David; Pallais, Amanda
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：Financial aid from the Susan Thompson Buffett Foundation (STBF) provides comprehensive support to a student population similar to that served by a host of state aid programs. In conjunction with STBF, we randomly assigned aid awards to thousands of Nebraska high school graduates from low-income, minority, and first-generation college households. Randomly assigned STBF awards boost bachelor's (BA) degree completion for students targeting four-year schools by about 8 points. Degree gains are con...
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作者：Greenberg, Kyle; Gudgeon, Matthew; Isen, Adam; Miller, Corbin; Patterson, Richard
作者单位：United States Military Academy; United States Department of Defense; United States Army; United States Department of the Treasury; Brigham Young University
摘要：Since the beginning of the all-volunteer era, millions of young Americans have chosen to enlist in the military. These volunteers disproportionately come from disadvantaged backgrounds, and while some aspects of military service are likely to be beneficial, exposure to violence and other elements of service could worsen outcomes. This article links the universe of army applicants between 1990 and 2011 to their federal tax records and other administrative data and uses two eligibility threshold...
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作者：Balboni, Clare; Bandiera, Oriana; Burgess, Robin; Ghatak, Maitreesh; Heil, Anton
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：There are two broad views as to why people stay poor. One emphasizes differences in fundamentals, such as ability, talent, or motivation. The poverty traps view emphasizes differences in opportunities that stem from access to wealth. To test these views, we exploit a large-scale, randomized asset transfer and an 11-year panel of 6,000 households who begin in extreme poverty. The setting is rural Bangladesh, and the assets are cows. The data support the poverty traps view-we identify a threshol...
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作者：Alan, Sule; Corekcioglu, Gozde; Sutter, Matthias
作者单位：European University Institute; Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; Kadir Has University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Max Planck Society; University of Cologne; University of Innsbruck
摘要：We evaluate the impact of a training program aimed at improving the relational atmosphere in the workplace. The program encourages prosocial behavior and the use of professional language, focusing primarily on leaders' behavior and leader-subordinate interactions. We implement this program using a clustered randomized design involving over 3,000 headquarters employees of 20 large corporations in Turkey. We evaluate the program with respect to employee separation, pro- and antisocial behavior, ...
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作者：Aquilina, Matteo; Budish, Eric; O'Neill, Peter
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We use stock exchange message data to quantify the negative aspect of high-frequency trading, known as latency arbitrage. The key difference between message data and widely familiar limit order book data is that message data contain attempts to trade or cancel that fail. This allows the researcher to observe both winners and losers in a race, whereas in limit order book data you cannot see the losers, so you cannot directly see the races. We find that latency arbitrage races are very frequent ...
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作者：Alpert, Abby; Evans, William N.; Lieber, Ethan M. J.; Powell, David
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Notre Dame; RAND Corporation
摘要：Overdose deaths involving opioids have increased dramatically since the 1990s, leading to the worst drug overdose epidemic in U.S. history, but there is limited empirical evidence about the initial causes. In this article, we examine the role of the 1996 introduction and marketing of OxyContin as a potential leading cause of the opioid crisis. We leverage cross-state variation in exposure to OxyContin's introduction due to a state policy that substantially limited the drug's early entry and ma...
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作者：Alfaro-Urena, Alonso; Manelici, Isabela; Vasquez, Jose P.
作者单位：Universidad Costa Rica; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We study the effects of becoming a supplier to multinational corporations (MNCs) using tax data tracking firm-to-firm transactions in Costa Rica. Event study estimates reveal that domestic firms experience strong and persistent gains in performance after supplying to a first MNC buyer. Four years after, domestic firms employ 26% more workers and have a 4% to 9% higher total factor productivity (TFP). These effects are unlikely to be explained by demand effects or changes in tax compliance. Mor...
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作者：Chan, David C.; Gentzkow, Matthew; Yu, Chuan
作者单位：US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Palo Alto Health Care System; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University
摘要：Physicians, judges, teachers, and agents in many other settings differ systematically in the decisions they make when faced with similar cases. Standard approaches to interpreting and exploiting such differences assume they arise solely from variation in preferences. We develop an alternative framework that allows variation in preferences and diagnostic skill and show that both dimensions may be partially identified in standard settings under quasi-random assignment. We apply this framework to...
