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作者：Chaney, Thomas
作者单位：Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po)
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作者：Sadler, Evan
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：This paper studies the extent to which centrality measures share a common structure. In contrast with prior work, I take an ordinal approach, defining centrality measures as preorders that satisfy an axiom called recursive monotonicity. From this axiom, I derive two fundamental measures, strong and weak centrality, and I relate these to the equilibria of network games. Any equilibrium in a game of strategic complements implicitly orders the players by their actions. Strong centrality captures ...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Prendergast, Canice
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：Feeding America allocates donated food to over 200 food banks. In 2005, it transitioned from a queueing mechanism to one where food banks use a specialized currency to bid for food. Food banks chose very different food than they received before. Small food banks acquired 72% more pounds per client than large food banks at little nutritional cost. This reallocation of food is estimated to have increased its value by 21%, or $115 million per annum. Food banks also sourced food much closer, savin...
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作者：Gillingham, Kenneth; Iskhakov, Fedor; Munk-Nielsen, Anders; Rust, John; Schjerning, Bertel
作者单位：Yale University; Australian National University; University of Copenhagen; Georgetown University
摘要：We introduce a computationally tractable dynamic equilibrium model of automobile markets with heterogeneous consumers, focused on stationary flow equilibria. We introduce a fast, robust algorithm for computing equilibria and use it to estimate a model using nearly 39 million observations on car ownership transitions from Denmark. The estimated model fits the data well, and counterfactual simulations show that Denmark could raise total tax revenue by reducing the new-car registration tax rate. ...
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作者：Chowdhury, Shyamal; Sutter, Matthias; Zimmermann, Klaus F.
作者单位：University of Sydney; University of Cologne; Max Planck Society; University of Innsbruck; Maastricht University
摘要：Our large-scale experiment with 542 families from rural Bangladesh finds substantial intergenerational persistence of economic preferences. Both mothers' and fathers' risk, time, and social preferences are significantly (and largely to the same degree) positively correlated with their children's economic preferences, even when controlling for personality traits and socioeconomic background. We discuss possible transmission channels and are the first to classify all families into one of two clu...
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作者：Andersen, Jorgen Juel; Johannesen, Niels; Rijkers, Bob
作者单位：BI Norwegian Business School; University of Copenhagen; The World Bank
摘要：Do elites capture foreign aid? This paper documents that aid disbursements to highly aid-dependent countries coincide with sharp increases in bank deposits in offshore financial centers known for bank secrecy and private wealth management but not in other financial centers. The estimates are not confounded by contemporaneous shocks-such as civil conflicts, natural disasters, and financial crises-and are robust to instrumenting using predetermined aid commitments. The implied leakage rate is ar...
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作者：Genicot, Garance
作者单位：Georgetown University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：Individuals typically differ in their identities-the behaviors they deem ideal for themselves and for the members of their network-and in their tolerance for behaviors that deviate from their ideals. This paper studies compromise-that is, departures from one's ideal point, to be accepted by others. I show that an individual's compromise in equilibrium is bounded by the difference between her tolerance level and the lowest tolerance level in society. Relatively intolerant individuals, who serve...
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作者：Jones, Charles I.
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper considers top income taxation when (i) new ideas drive economic growth, (ii) the reward for successful innovation is a top income, and (iii) innovation cannot be perfectly targeted by a research subsidy-think about the business methods of Walmart, the creation of Uber, or the idea of Amazon. These conditions lead to a new force affecting the optimal top tax rate: by slowing the creation of new ideas that drive aggregate GDP, top income taxation reduces everyone's income, not just in...
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作者：Plagborg-Moller, Mikkel; Wolf, Christian K.
作者单位：Princeton University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Macroeconomists increasingly use external sources of exogenous variation for causal inference. However, unless such external instruments (proxies) capture the underlying shock without measurement error, existing methods are silent on the importance of that shock for macroeconomic fluctuations. We show that, in a general moving-average model with external instruments, variance decompositions for the instrumented shock are interval-identified, with informative bounds. Various additional restrict...
