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作者：Heikkuri, Vesa-matti; Schief, Matthias
作者单位：Tampere University; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD)
摘要：We derive a novel decomposition of the Gini coefficient into within- and between-group inequality terms that sum to the aggregate Gini coefficient. This decomposition is derived from a set of axioms that ensure desirable behavior for the within- and between-group inequality terms. The decomposition of the Gini coefficient is unique given our axioms, easy to compute, and can be interpreted geometrically.
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作者：Almagro, Milena; Dominguez-Iino, Tomas
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper shows the endogeneity of amenities plays a crucial role in determining the welfare distribution of a city's residents. We quantify this mechanism by building a dynamic model of residential choice with heterogeneous households, where consumption amenities are the equilibrium outcome of a market for non-tradables. We estimate our model using Dutch microdata and leveraging variation in Amsterdam's spatial distribution of tourists as a demand shifter, finding significant heterogeneity i...
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作者：Basteck, Christian; Ehlers, Lars
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; Universite de Montreal
摘要：We study random assignment of indivisible objects among a set of agents, when each agent is to receive one object and has strict preferences over the objects. Random Serial Dictatorship (RSD) satisfies equal treatment of equals, ex post efficiency, and strategy-proofness. Answering a longstanding open question, we show that RSD is not characterized by those properties-there are other mechanisms satisfying equal treatment of equals, ex post efficiency, and strategy-proofness which are not welfa...
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作者：Lachowska, Marta; Mas, Alexandre; Saggio, Raffaele; Woodbury, Stephen A.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Cambridge; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Okanagan; Michigan State University; W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research
摘要：We apply a revealed preference approach to administrative data from Washington to show that constraints on work hours are widespread: Workers have limited discretion over hours at a given employer, and there is substantial mismatch of workers who prefer long hours to employers that provide short hours. Voluntary job transitions imply a ratio of the marginal rate of substitution of earnings for hours to the wage rate of 0.5-0.6 for prime-age workers. The average absolute deviation between obser...
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作者：Hsiao, Allan; Moscona, Jacob; Sastry, Karthik A.
作者单位：Stanford University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Princeton University
摘要：This paper studies how governments intervene in agricultural markets to reshape the economic consequences of climate extremes. We construct a global dataset of agricultural policies and extreme heat exposure by country and crop since 1980. Extreme heat shocks to domestic production lead to policies that assist consumers by lowering domestic food prices. This effect is persistent, primarily implemented via border policies, and stronger during election years. Shocks to foreign production induce ...
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作者：Spiess, Jann
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Econometric analysis typically focuses on the statistical properties of fixed estimators and ignores researcher choices. In this article, I instead approach the analysis of experimental data as a mechanism-design problem that acknowledges that researchers choose between estimators, sometimes based on the data and often according to their own preferences. Specifically, I focus on covariate adjustments, which can increase the precision of a treatment-effect estimate, but open the door to bias wh...
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作者：Vatter, Benjamin
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Policymakers and market intermediaries often use quality scores to alleviate asymmetric information about product quality. Scores affect the demand for quality and, in equilibrium, its supply. Equilibrium effects break the rule whereby more information is always better, and the optimal design of scores must account for them. In the context of Medicare Advantage, I find that consumers' information is limited, and quality is inefficiently low. A simple design alleviates these issues and increase...
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作者：European Summer Meeting
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作者：Iacovone, Leonardo; McKenzie, David; Meager, Rachael
作者单位：The World Bank; The World Bank; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：Policymakers often test expensive new programs on relatively small samples. Formally incorporating informative Bayesian priors into impact evaluation offers the promise to learn more from these experiments. We evaluate a Colombian program for 200 firms which aimed to increase exporting. Priors were elicited from academics, policymakers, and firms. Contrary to these priors, frequentist estimation cannot reject null effects in 2019, and finds some negative impacts in 2020. For binary outcomes li...
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作者：Einav, Liran; Finkelstein, Amy; Mahoney, Neale
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We develop a stylized model that allows us to estimate a value-added measure for nursing homes (SNFs) which accounts for patient selection both into and out of a SNF. We use the model, together with detailed data on the physical and mental health of about 6 million Medicare SNF patients between 2011 and 2016, to estimate the value added for about 14,000 distinct SNFs. We document substantial heterogeneity in value added. Nationwide, compared to a 10th percentile SNF, a 90th percentile SNF is a...
