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作者：Einav, Liran; Finkelstein, Amy; Pascu, Iuliana; Cullen, Mark R.
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Stanford University
摘要：We analyze the extent to which individuals' choices over five employer-provided insurance coverage decisions and one 401(k) investment decision exhibit systematic patterns, as would be implied by a general utility component of risk preferences. We provide evidence consistent with an important domain-general component that operates across all insurance choices. We find a considerably weaker relationship between one's insurance decisions and 401(k) asset allocation, although this relationship ap...
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作者：Iizuka, Toshiaki
作者单位：University of Tokyo
摘要：I examine physician agency in health care services in the context of the choice between brand-name and generic pharmaceuticals. I examine micro-panel data from Japan, where physicians can legally make profits by prescribing and dispensing drugs. The results indicate that physicians often fail to internalize patient costs, explaining why cheaper generics are infrequently adopted. Doctors respond to markup differentials between the two versions, indicating another agency problem. However, generi...
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作者：Barlevy, Gadi; Neal, Derek
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; University of Chicago; University of Chicago
摘要：We propose an incentive scheme for educators that links compensation to the ranks of their students within comparison sets. Under certain conditions, this scheme induces teachers to allocate socially optimal levels of effort. Moreover, because this scheme employs only ordinal information, it allows education authorities to employ completely new assessments at each testing date without ever having to equate various assessments. This removes incentives for teachers to teach to a particular asses...
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作者：Dahl, Gordon B.; Lochner, Lance
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：Using an instrumental variables strategy, we estimate the causal effect of income on children's math and reading achievement. Our identification derives from the large, nonlinear changes in the Earned Income Tax Credit. The largest of these changes increased family income by as much as 20 percent, or approximately $2,100, between 1993 and 1997. Our baseline estimates imply that a $1,000 increase in income raises combined math and reading test scores by 6 percent of a standard deviation in the ...
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作者：Masatlioglu, Yusufcan; Nakajima, Daisuke; Ozbay, Erkut Y.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：The standard revealed preference argument relies on an implicit assumption that a decision maker considers all feasible alternatives. The marketing and psychology literatures, however, provide well-established evidence that consumers do not consider all brands in a given market before making a purchase (Limited Attention). In this paper, we illustrate how one can deduce both the decision maker's preference and the alternatives to which she pays attention and inattention from the observed behav...
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作者：Hummels, David; Munch, Jakob R.; Skipper, Lars; Xiang, Chong
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Copenhagen; Aarhus University
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作者：Ambrus, Attila; Greiner, Ben
作者单位：Duke University; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：This paper experimentally investigates the effects of a costly punishment option on cooperation and social welfare in long, finitely repeated public good contribution games. In a perfect monitoring environment, increasing the severity of the potential punishment monotonically increases average net payoffs. In a more realistic imperfect monitoring environment, we find a U-shaped relationship. Access to a standard punishment technology in this setting significantly decreases net payoffs, even in...
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作者：Albouy, David Y.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
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作者：Bombardini, Matilde; Gallipoli, Giovanni; Pupato, German
作者单位：University of British Columbia; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); Getulio Vargas Foundation
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作者：Voors, Maarten J.; Nillesen, Eleonora E. M.; Verwimp, Philip; Bulte, Erwin H.; Lensink, Robert; Van Soest, Daan P.
作者单位：Wageningen University & Research; University of Cambridge; Solvay SA; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Tilburg University; University of Groningen; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Tilburg University
摘要：We use a series of field experiments in rural Burundi to examine the impact of exposure to conflict on social, risk, and time preferences. We find that conflict affects behavior: individuals exposed to violence display more altruistic behavior towards their neighbors, are more risk-seeking, and have higher discount rates. Large adverse shocks can thus alter savings and investments decisions, and potentially have long-run consequences-even if the shocks themselves are temporary. (JEL C93, D12, ...
