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作者：Angrist, Josh; Autor, David; Hudson, Sally; Pallais, Amanda
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
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作者：Jeong, Hyeok; Kim, Yong; Manovskii, Iourii
作者单位：Seoul National University (SNU); KDI School of Public Policy & Management; Yonsei University; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We identify a key role of factor supply, driven by demographic changes, in shaping several empirical regularities that are a focus of active research in macro and labor economics. In particular, demographic changes alone can account for the large movements of the return to experience over the last four decades, for the differential dynamics of the age premium across education groups emphasized by Katz and Murphy (1992), for the differential dynamics of the college premium across age groups emp...
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作者：MacLeod, W. Bentley; Urquiola, Miguel
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：Stratification is a distinctive feature of competitive education markets that can be explained by a preference for good peers. Learning externalities can lead students to care about the ability of their peers, resulting in across-school sorting by ability. This paper shows that a preference for good peers, and therefore stratification, can also emerge endogenously from reputational concerns that arise when graduates use their college of origin to signal their ability. Reputational concerns can...
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作者：Agarwal, Nikhil
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper develops a framework for estimating preferences in a many-to-one matching market using only observed matches. I use pairwise stability and a vertical preference restriction on one side to identify preferences on both sides of the market. Counterfactual simulations are used to analyze the antitrust allegation that the centralized medical residency match is responsible for salary depression. Due to residents' willingness to pay for desirable programs and capacity constraints, salaries...
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作者：Card, David; Johnston, Andrew; Leung, Pauline; Mas, Alexandre; Pei, Zhuan
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Pennsylvania; Princeton University; Brandeis University
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作者：Mankiw, N. Gregory
作者单位：Harvard University
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作者：Hirsch, Alexander V.; Shotts, Kenneth W.
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; Stanford University
摘要：We present a model of policy development in which competing factions have different ideologies, yet agree on certain common objectives. Policy developers can appeal to a decision maker by making productive investments to improve the quality of their proposals. These investments are specific to a given proposal, which means that policy developers can potentially obtain informal agenda power. Competition undermines this agenda power, forcing policy developers to craft policies that are better fo...
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作者：Black, Dan A.; Sanders, Seth G.; Taylor, Evan J.; Taylor, Lowell J.
作者单位：University of Chicago; Duke University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Carnegie Mellon University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The Great Migration-the massive migration of African Americans out of the rural South to largely urban locations in the North, Midwest, and West-was a landmark event in US history. Our paper shows that this migration increased mortality of African Americans born in the early twentieth century South. This inference comes from an analysis that uses proximity of birthplace to railroad lines as an instrument for migration.
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作者：Callen, Michael; Long, James D.
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：We investigate the relationship between political networks, weak institutions, and election fraud during the 2010 parliamentary election in Afghanistan combining: (i) data on political connections between candidates and election officials; (ii) a nationwide controlled evaluation of a novel monitoring technology; and (iii) direct measurements of aggregation fraud. We find considerable evidence of aggregation fraud in favor of connected candidates and that the announcement of a new monitoring te...
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作者：Tirole, Jean
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
