Science

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• Spectroscopy of elementary excitations from quench dynamics in a dipolar XY Rydberg simulator AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Cheng; Emperauger, Gabriel; Bornet, Guillaume; Caleca, Filippo; Gely, Bastien; Bintz, Marcus; Chatterjee, Shubhayu; Liu, Vincent; Barredo, Daniel; Yao, Norman Y.; Lahaye, Thierry; Mezzacapo, Fabio; Roscilde, Tommaso; Browaeys, Antoine
  作者单位：Universite Paris Saclay; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Universite Paris Cite; Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon (ENS de LYON); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Harvard University; Carnegie Mellon University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Centro de Investigacion en Nanomateriales y Nanotecnologia (CINN)
  摘要：The nature and spectrum of elementary excitations are defining features of a many-body system. In this study, we used a Rydberg quantum simulator to demonstrate a form of spectroscopy, called quench spectroscopy, that probes these low-energy excitations. We illustrated the method on a two-dimensional simulation of the spin-1/2 dipolar XY model. Through microscopic measurements of the spatial spin correlation dynamics following a quench, we extracted the dispersion relation of the elementary ex...
• Safeguarding US-China climate cooperation AI翻译
  作者：Dai, Fan
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University
• Governing novel climate interventions in rapidly changing oceans AI翻译
  作者：Morrison, Tiffany H.; Pecl, Gretta; Nash, Kirsty L.; Hughes, Terry; Cohen, Philippa J.; Layton, Cayne; Brown, Katrina; Lovelock, Catherine E.; Lemos, Maria Carmen; Adger, W. Neil; Lawless, Sarah; Muir, Bob; Gurney, Georgina G.; Mcleod, Elizabeth; Mills, Katherine E.; Fairweather-Morrison, Imani; Phillips, Michael; Sullivan, Andrew; Hilmi, Nathalie; Holmes-McHugh, Lucy; Pradhan, Sisir; Streit, Robert; Niles, Navam; Ogier, Emily
  作者单位：University of Melbourne; James Cook University; Wageningen University & Research; University of Tasmania; CGIAR; Worldfish; University of Tasmania; University of Exeter; University of Queensland; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Australian Institute of Marine Science; James Cook University; University of Tasmania; Nature Conservancy; Gulf of Maine Research Institute; University of Waterloo
  摘要：Marine systems are rapidly changing in response to global heating. The scale and intensity of change are triggering a host of novel interventions to sustain oceans and ocean-dependent societies. However, the pace of new interventions is outstripping capacity to prevent unintended consequences because governance systems to ensure responsible transformation of marine systems are not yet in place. Responsible transformation entails transitioning marine systems to sustainable, equitable, and adapt...
• Beyond the native repertoire AI翻译
  作者：Hickok, Grant H.; Stromnes, Ingunn M.
  作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
• De novo-designed pMHC binders facilitate T cell-mediated cytotoxicity toward cancer cells AI翻译
  作者：Johansen, Kristoffer Haurum; Wolff, Darian Stephan; Scapolo, Beatrice; Fernandez-Quintero, Monica L.; Christensen, Charlotte Risager; Loeffler, Johannes R.; Rivera-de-Torre, Esperanza; Overath, Max D.; Munk, Kamilla Kjaergaard; Morell, Oliver; Viuff, Marie Christine; Lacunza, Inigo; Englund, Alberte T. Damm; Due, Mathilde; Gharpure, Anant; Forli, Stefano; Pardo, Carlos Rodriguez; Tamhane, Tripti; Andersen, Emma Qingjie; Bjoernsson, Kasper Haldrup; Fernandes, Jordan Sylvester; Voss, Lasse Frank; Thumtecho, Suthimon; Ward, Andrew B.; Ormhoj, Maria; Hadrup, Sine Reker; Jenkins, Timothy P.
  作者单位：Technical University of Denmark; Technical University of Denmark; Scripps Research Institute
  摘要：The recognition of intracellular antigens by CD8+ T cells through T cell receptors (TCRs) is central for adaptive immunity against infections and cancer. However, the identification of TCRs from patient material remains complex. We present a rapid de novo minibinder (miBd) design platform leveraging state-of-the-art generative models to engineer miBds targeting the cancer-associated peptide-bound major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) SLLMWITQC/HLA-A*02:01 (NY-ESO-1). Incorporating in silico ...
• Global patterns and drivers of untracked industrial fishing in coastal marine protected areas AI翻译
  作者：Seguin, Raphael; Le Manach, Frederic; Devillers, Rodolphe; Velez, Laure; Mouillot, David
  作者单位：Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ifremer; Universite de Montpellier; Universite de Montpellier; University of La Reunion
  摘要：Marine protected areas (MPAs) are expanding worldwide, but industrial fishing within their boundaries remains poorly understood. By combining vessel Global Positioning System data with satellite imagery, we detected industrial fishing in 47% of coastal MPAs worldwide between 2022 and 2024, with two-thirds of vessel detections (67%) untracked by public monitoring. These untracked vessels were most prevalent (80%) in MPAs with the most restrictive management category, which aims to prohibit all ...
• Flat optics produces quantum graphs AI翻译
  作者：Shcherbakov, Maxim R.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
• Midline assembloids reveal regulators of human axon guidance AI翻译
  作者：Onesto, Massimo M.; Amin, Neal D.; Pan, Chenjie; Chen, Xiaoyu; Kim, Ji-il; Reis, Noah; Kanton, Sabina; Valencia, Alfredo M.; Hudacova, Zuzana; McQueen, James P.; Tessier-Lavigne, Marc; Pasca, Sergiu P.
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University
  摘要：Organizers orchestrate cell patterning and axon guidance in the developing nervous system. Although nonhuman models have led to fundamental discoveries about floor plate (FP)-mediated midline organization, an experimental model of the human FP would enable insights into human neurodevelopment and midline connectivity. Here, we developed organoids resembling human FP (hFpOs) and assembled them with human spinal cord organoids (hSpOs) to generate midline assembloids (hMAs). We demonstrate that h...
• A new age of molecular chirality Advanced optical approaches reshape the frontiers of chiral sensing AI翻译
  作者：Smirnova, Olga
  作者单位：Leibniz Association; Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics & Short Term Spectroscopy; Technical University of Berlin; Technion Israel Institute of Technology
• ASB7 is a negative regulator of H3K9me3 homeostasis AI翻译
  作者：Zhou, Liwen; Chen, Zhenxuan; Zou, Yezi; Zhang, Xia; Wang, Zifeng; Zhu, Hongwen; Lin, Jiahui; Huang, Ziyao; Zheng, Lisi; Chen, Jiali; Xie, Miner; Zhang, Meifang; Zhang, Ruhua; Zhu, Minglu; Wang, Ziwen; Zhou, Hu; Gao, Song; Yin, Yuxin; Wu, Yuanzhong; Kang, Tiebang
  作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; State Key Lab Oncology South China; Sun Yat Sen University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, CAS; South China University of Technology; Peking University
  摘要：The maintenance of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) involves the recognition of preexisting modifications by heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1), which recruits the methyltransferase suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1) to methylate the adjacent newly incorporated histones, establishing a positive feedback loop. However, how this positive feedback is restricted to maintain H3K9me3 homeostasis remains largely unknown. We performed an unbiased genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screen...