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作者：Carlson, Rachel R.; Crowder, Larry B.; Martin, Roberta E.; Asner, Gregory P.
作者单位：Stanford University; Arizona State University
摘要：Coral reefs are in decline worldwide, making it increasingly important to promote coral recruitment in new or degraded habitat. Coral reef morphology-the structural form of reef substrate-affects many aspects of reef function, yet the effect of reef morphology on coral recruitment is not well understood. We used structure-from-motion photogrammetry and airborne remote sensing to measure reef morphology (rugosity, curvature, slope, and fractal dimension) across a broad continuum of spatial scal...
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作者：Hu, Minqi; Ma, Yeping; Chu, Song Lin
作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University
摘要：The minimal levels of biological- available iron in the environment impose growth limitation on all living organisms. Microbes often secrete high iron- binding- affinity siderophores at high concentrations for scavenging iron from the iron- limited habitats. However, the high prevalence of siderophores released by bacteria into the environment raises an intriguing question whether this chemical cue can be detected by bacterivorous predators. Here, we show that the bacterivorous Caenorhabditis ...
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作者：Sonne, Jesper; Rahbek, Carsten
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen; Imperial College London; University of Southern Denmark; Peking University
摘要：Tropical mountains are global biodiversity hotspots, owing to a combination of high local species richness and turnover in species composition. Typically, the highest local richness and turnover levels are implicitly assumed to converge in the same mountain regions, resulting in extraordinary species richness at regional to global scales. We investigated this untested assumption using high-resolution distribution data for all 9,788 bird species found in 134 mountain regions worldwide. Contrary...
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作者：Riso, Mariapia; Shah, Rohan N.; Koide, Akiko; Ruthenburg, Alexander J.; Koide, Shohei; Hattori, Takamitsu
作者单位：NYU Langone Medical Center; University of Chicago; University of Chicago; New York University; University of Chicago
摘要：Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins play critical roles in regulating many cellular events. Antibodies targeting site- specific PTMs are essential tools for detecting and enriching PTMs at sites of interest. However, fundamental difficulties in molecular recognition of both PTM and surrounding peptide sequence have hindered the efficient generation of highly sequence- specific anti-PTM antibodies. Furthermore, the widespread use of potentially inconsistent, nonrenewable, and mol...
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作者：Shaw, Sebastian; Cohn, Ian S.; Baptista, Rodrigo P.; Xia, Guoqin; Melillo, Bruno; Agyabeng-Dadzie, Fiifi; Kissinger, Jessica C.; Striepen, Boris
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Houston Methodist; Scripps Research Institute; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
摘要：Parasites and their hosts are engaged in reciprocal coevolution that balances competing mechanisms of virulence, resistance, and evasion. This often leads to host specificity, but genomic reassortment between different strains can enable parasites to jump host barriers and conquer new niches. In the apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium, genetic exchange has been hypothesized to play a prominent role in adaptation to humans. The sexual lifecycle of the parasite provides a potential mechanism f...
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作者：He, Runsheng; Dong, Wenyang; Wang, Zhi; Xie, Chen; Gao, Long; Ma, Wenping; Shen, Ke; Li, Dubai; Pang, Yuxuan; Jian, Fanchong; Zhang, Jiankun; Yuan, Yuan; Wang, Xinyao; Zhang, Zhen; Zheng, Yinghui; Liu, Shuang; Luo, Cheng; Chai, Xiaoran; Ren, Jun; Zhu, Zhanxing; Xie, Xiaoliang Sunney
作者单位：Changping Laboratory; Peking University; Peking University; Peking University; Peking University
摘要：Decades of research have established that mammalian transcription factors (TFs) bind to each gene's regulatory regions and cooperatively control tissue specificity, timing, and intensity of gene transcription. Mapping the combination of TF binding sites genome wide is critically important for understanding functional genomics. Here, we report a technique to measure TFs' binding sites on the human genome with a near single- base resolution by footprinting with deaminase (FOODIE) on a single- mo...
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作者：Alfaro-Sanchez, Raquel; Richardson, Andrew D.; Smith, Sharon L.; Johnstone, Jill F.; Turetsky, Merritt R.; Cumming, Steven G.; Moine, James M. Le; Baltzer, Jennifer L.
作者单位：Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Wilfrid Laurier University; Northern Arizona University; Northern Arizona University; Natural Resources Canada; Lands & Minerals Sector - Natural Resources Canada; Geological Survey of Canada; Yukon University; University of Alaska System; University of Alaska Fairbanks; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Laval University
摘要：Climate warming can alleviate temperature and nutrient constraints on tree growth in boreal regions, potentially enhancing boreal productivity. However, in permafrost environments, warming also disrupts the physical foundation on which trees grow, leading to leaning trees or drunken forests. Tree leaning might reduce radial growth, undermining potential benefits of warming. Here, we found widespread radial growth reductions in southern latitude boreal forests since the 1980s. At mid latitudes,...
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作者：Johnson, Rebecca A.; Simko, Tyler; Imai, Kosuke
作者单位：Georgetown University; Princeton University; Harvard University
摘要：A large body of research documents the barriers faced by first-generation, low-income (FGLI) students as hidden minorities on elite college campuses. Although existing studies show brief psychological interventions can help mitigate some of these obstacles, universities are investing in more intensive interventions that try to both shift mindsets and mitigate structural disadvantages in FGLI students' academic preparation. In collaboration with the administrators at a highly selective universi...
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作者：Van Eenennaam, Alison L.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：The high emissions intensity of terrestrial animal source food (TASF) and projected increasing demand in low- and middle- income countries (LMIC) have spurred interest in the development of animal- free alternatives and manufactured food items that aim to substitute for meat, milk, and eggs with the promise of reduced environmental impact of producing food. The developing world is the source of 75% of global emissions from ruminants and will house 86% of the world's human population by 2050. T...
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作者：Lanz, Tobias V.; Robinson, William H.
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Palo Alto Health Care System
