Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Anneke Levelt Sengers: An international authority in the thermodynamics of fluids and a passionate advocate for women in science AI翻译
  作者：Anisimov, Mikhail A.; Debenedetti, Pablo G.; Greer, Sandra C.; Moldover, Michael R.
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Princeton University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) - USA
• Lipid- associated macrophages' promotion of fibrosis resolution during MASH regression requires TREM2 AI翻译
  作者：Ganguly, Souradipta; Rosenthal, Sara Brin; Ishizuka, Kei; Troutman, Ty D.; Rohm, Theresa, V; Khader, Naser; Aleman-Muench, German; Sano, Yasuyo; Archilei, Sebastiano; Soroosh, Pejman; Olefsky, Jerrold M.; Feldstein, Ariel E.; Kisseleva, Tatiana; Loomba, Rohit; Glass, Christopher K.; Brenner, David A.; Dhar, Debanjan
  作者单位：Novo Nordisk; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
  摘要：While macrophage heterogeneity during metabolic dysfunction- associated steatohepatitis (MASH) has been described, the fate of these macrophages during MASH regression is poorly understood. Comparing macrophage heterogeneity during MASH progression vs regression, we identified specific macrophage subpopulations that are critical for MASH/fibrosis resolution. We elucidated the restorative pathways and gene signatures that define regression- associated macrophages and establish the importance of...
• ChatGPT as Research Scientist: Probing GPT's capabilities as a Research Librarian, Research Ethicist, Data Generator, and Data Predictor AI翻译
  作者：Lehr, Steven A.; Caliskan, Aylin; Liyanage, Suneragiri; Banaji, Mahzarin R.
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Harvard University
  摘要：How good a research scientist is ChatGPT? We systematically probed the capabilities of GPT- 3.5 and GPT- 4 across four central components of the scientific process: as using psychological science as a testing field. In Study 1 (Research Librarian), unlike human researchers, GPT- 3.5 and GPT- 4 hallucinated, authoritatively generating fictional references 36.0% and 5.4% of the time, respectively, although GPT- 4 exhibited an evolving capacity to acknowledge its fictions. In Study 2 (Research Et...
• Phylogenetic evidence clarifies the history of the extrusion of Indochina AI翻译
  作者：Li, Xiao - Qian; Peng, Huan - Wen; Xiang, Kun - Li; Xiang, Xiao - Guo; Jabbour, Florian; Ortiz, Rosa del C.; Soltis, Pamela S.; Soltis, Douglas E.; Wang, Wei
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Nanchang University; Nanchang University; Sorbonne Universite; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Missouri Botanical Gardens; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
  摘要：The southeastward extrusion of Indochina along the Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone (ARSZ) is one of two of the most prominent consequences of the India-Asia collision. This plate-scale extrusion has greatly changed Southeast Asian topography and drainage patterns and effected regional climate and biotic evolution. However, little is known about how Indochina was extruded toward the southeast over time. Here, we sampled 42 plant and animal clades (together encompassing 1,721 species) that are d...
• Persistent species relationships characterize migrating bird communities across stopover sites and seasons AI翻译
  作者：Desimone, Joely G.; Degroote, Lucas W.; Mackenzie, Stuart A.; Owen, Jennifer C.; Patterson, Andrea J.; Cohen, Emily B.
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science; Michigan State University
  摘要：Global migrations of diverse animal species often converge along the same routes, bringing together seasonal assemblages of animals that may compete, prey on each other, and share information or pathogens. These interspecific interactions, when energetic demands are high and the time to complete journeys is short, may influence survival, migratory success, stopover ecology, and migratory routes. Numerous accounts suggest that interspecific co- migrations are globally distributed in aerial, aqu...
• Universal cold RNA phase transitions AI翻译
  作者：Rissone, Paolo; Severino, Aurelien; Pastor, Isabel; Ritort, Felix
  作者单位：University of Barcelona; University of Barcelona
  摘要：RNA's diversity of structures and functions impacts all life forms since primordia. We use calorimetric force spectroscopy to investigate RNA folding landscapes in previously unexplored low-temperature conditions. We find that Watson-Crick RNA hairpins, the most basic secondary structure elements, undergo a glass-like transition below TG similar to 20 degrees C where the heat capacity abruptly changes and the RNA folds into a diversity of misfolded structures. We hypothesize that an altered RN...
• Electron transport through two interacting channels in Azurin-based solid- state junctions AI翻译
  作者：Li, Ping'an; Bera, Sudipta; Kumar-Sexena, Shailendra; Pecht, Israel; Sheves, Mordechai; Cahen, David; Selzer, Yoram
  作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Weizmann Institute of Science; SRM Institute of Science & Technology Chennai; Weizmann Institute of Science
  摘要：The fundamental question of what is the transport path of electrons through proteins? initially introduced while studying long-range electron transfer between localized redox centers in proteins in vivo is also highly relevant to the transport properties of solid-state, dry metal-protein-metal junctions. Here, we report conductance measurements of such junctions, Au- ( Azurin monolayer ensemble)- Bismuth (Bi) ones, with well-defined nanopore geometry and similar to 10(3) proteins/pore. Our res...
• Computational evolution of social norms in well-mixed and group-structured populations AI翻译
  作者：Murase, Yohsuke; Hilbe, Christian
  作者单位：RIKEN; Max Planck Society
  摘要：Models of indirect reciprocity study how social norms promote cooperation. In these models, cooperative individuals build up a positive reputation, which in turn helps them in their future interactions. The exact reputational benefits of cooperation depend on the norm in place, which may change over time. Previous research focused on the stability of social norms. Much less is known about how social norms initially evolve when competing with many others. A comprehensive evolutionary analysis, ...
• Maternal manipulation of offspring size can trigger the evolution of eusociality in promiscuous species AI翻译
  作者：Rees-Baylis, Ella; Pen, Ido; Kreider, Jan J.
  作者单位：University of Groningen; University of Bern
  摘要：Eusocial organisms typically live in colonies with one reproductive queen supported by thousands of sterile workers. It is widely believed that monogamous mating is a precondition for the evolution of eusociality. Here, we present a theoretical model that simulates a realistic scenario for the evolution of eusociality. In the model, mothers can evolve control over resource allocation to offspring, affecting offspring's body size. The offspring can evolve body- size- dependent dispersal, by whi...
• Zika virus NS5 protein inhibits type I interferon signaling via CRL3 E3 ubiquitin ligase-mediated degradation of STAT2 AI翻译
  作者：Ren, Wenlin; Fu, Chonglei; Zhang, Yu; Ju, Xiaohui; Jiang, Xi; Song, Jingwei; Gong, Mingli; Li, Zhuoyang; Fan, Wenchun; Yao, Jun; Ding, Qiang
  作者单位：Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Shanxi Medical University; Shanxi Medical University; Zhejiang University
  摘要：The ZIKA virus (ZIKV) evades the host immune response by degrading STAT2 through its NS5 protein, thereby inhibiting type I interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral immunity. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process has remained elusive. In this study, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen, revealing that ZSWIM8 as the substrate receptor of Cullin3-RING E3 ligase is required for NS5-mediated STAT2 degradation. Genetic depletion of ZSWIM8 and CUL3 substantially impeded NS5-me...