Nature

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• Sex differences orchestrated by androgens at single-cell resolution (vol 629, pg 193, 2024) AI翻译
  作者：Li, Fei; Xing, Xudong; Jin, Qiqi; Wang, Xiang-Ming; Dai, Pengfei; Han, Ming; Shi, Huili; Zhang, Ze; Shao, Xianlong; Peng, Yunyi; Zhu, Yiqin; Xu, Jiayi; Li, Dan; Chen, Yu; Wu, Wei; Wang, Qiao; Yu, Chen; Chen, Luonan; Bai, Fan; Gao, Dong
• Observation of edge states derived from topological helix chains AI翻译
  作者：Nakayama, K.; Tokuyama, A.; Yamauchi, K.; Moriya, A.; Kato, T.; Sugawara, K.; Souma, S.; Kitamura, M.; Horiba, K.; Kumigashira, H.; Oguchi, T.; Takahashi, T.; Segawa, K.; Sato, T.
  作者单位：Tohoku University; Japan Science & Technology Agency (JST); University of Osaka; Tohoku University; Tohoku University; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Tohoku University; Kyoto Sangyo University; Tohoku University; Tohoku University
  摘要：Introducing the concept of topology has revolutionized materials classification, leading to the discovery of topological insulators and Dirac-Weyl semimetals(1-3). One of the most fundamental theories underpinning topological materials is the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model(4,5), which was developed in 1979-decades before the recognition of topological insulators-to describe conducting polymers. Distinct from the vast majority of known topological insulators with two and three dimensions(1-3)...
• In vitro reconstitution of epigenetic reprogramming in the human germ line AI翻译
  作者：Murase, Yusuke; Yokogawa, Ryuta; Yabuta, Yukihiro; Nagano, Masahiro; Katou, Yoshitaka; Mizuyama, Manami; Kitamura, Ayaka; Puangsricharoen, Pimpitcha; Yamashiro, Chika; Hu, Bo; Mizuta, Ken; Tsujimura, Taro; Yamamoto, Takuya; Ogata, Kosuke; Ishihama, Yasushi; Saitou, Mitinori
  作者单位：Kyoto University; Kyoto University; Kyoto University; RIKEN; Kyoto University
  摘要：Epigenetic reprogramming resets parental epigenetic memories and differentiates primordial germ cells (PGCs) into mitotic pro-spermatogonia or oogonia. This process ensures sexually dimorphic germ cell development for totipotency(1). In vitro reconstitution of epigenetic reprogramming in humans remains a fundamental challenge. Here we establish a strategy for inducing epigenetic reprogramming and differentiation of pluripotent stem-cell-derived human PGC-like cells (hPGCLCs) into mitotic pro-s...
• The maths that drives AI AI翻译
  作者：Brooks, Michael
  摘要：Loss functions measure algorithmic errors in artificial-intelligence models, but there's more than one way to do that. Here's why the right function is so important.
• 2023 summer warmth unparalleled over the past 2,000 years AI翻译
  作者：Esper, Jan; Torbenson, Max; Buentgen, Ulf
  作者单位：Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Czech Academy of Sciences; Global Change Research Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; University of Cambridge; Masaryk University
  摘要：Including an exceptionally warm Northern Hemisphere summer(1,2), 2023 has been reported as the hottest year on record(3-5). However, contextualizing recent anthropogenic warming against past natural variability is challenging because the sparse meteorological records from the nineteenth century tend to overestimate temperatures(6). Here we combine observed and reconstructed June-August surface air temperatures to show that 2023 was the warmest Northern Hemisphere extra-tropical summer over the...
• Five new ways to catch gravitational waves - and the secrets they'll reveal AI翻译
  作者：Castelvecchi, Davide
  摘要：Observatories, experiments and techniques are being developed to spot ripples in space-time at frequencies that currently can't be detected.
• Is your research a trade secret? South Korean data-sharing case is a wake-up call AI翻译
  作者：Jon, WooJung
  作者单位：Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST)
  摘要：As science becomes more globalized, researchers must safeguard sensitive data from inadvertent legal breaches.
• Human SARS-CoV-2 challenge uncovers local and systemic response dynamics AI翻译
  作者：Lindeboom, Rik G. H.; Worlock, Kaylee B.; Dratva, Lisa M.; Yoshida, Masahiro; Scobie, David; Wagstaffe, Helen R.; Richardson, Laura; Wilbrey-Clark, Anna; Barnes, Josephine L.; Kretschmer, Lorenz; Polanski, Krzysztof; Allen-Hyttinen, Jessica; Mehta, Puja; Sumanaweera, Dinithi; Boccacino, Jacqueline M.; Sungnak, Waradon; Elmentaite, Rasa; Huang, Ni; Mamanova, Lira; Kapuge, Rakesh; Bolt, Liam; Prigmore, Elena; Killingley, Ben; Kalinova, Mariya; Mayer, Maria; Boyers, Alison; Mann, Alex; Swadling, Leo; Woodall, Maximillian N. J.; Ellis, Samuel; Smith, Claire M.; Teixeira, Vitor H.; Janes, Sam M.; Chambers, Rachel C.; Haniffa, Muzlifah; Catchpole, Andrew; Heyderman, Robert; Noursadeghi, Mahdad; Chain, Benny; Mayer, Andreas; Meyer, Kerstin B.; Chiu, Christopher; Nikolic, Marko Z.; Teichmann, Sarah A.
  作者单位：Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Netherlands Cancer Institute; University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; Imperial College London; Mahidol University; Mahidol University; University of London; University College London; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge
  摘要：The COVID-19 pandemic is an ongoing global health threat, yet our understanding of the dynamics of early cellular responses to this disease remains limited 1 . Here in our SARS-CoV-2 human challenge study, we used single-cell multi-omics profiling of nasopharyngeal swabs and blood to temporally resolve abortive, transient and sustained infections in seronegative individuals challenged with pre-Alpha SARS-CoV-2. Our analyses revealed rapid changes in cell-type proportions and dozens of highly d...
• Restoration of vision after transplantation of photoreceptors (vol 485, pg 99, 2012) AI翻译
  作者：Pearson, R. A.; Barber, A. C.; Rizzi, M.; Hippert, C.; Xue, T.; West, E. L.; Duran, Y.; Smith, A. J.; Chuang, J. Z.; Azam, S. A.; Luhmann, U. F. O.; Benucci, A.; Sung, C. H.; Bainbridge, J. W.; Carandini, M.; Yau, K. -W.; Sowden, J. C.; Ali, R. R.
• Single-cell nascent RNA sequencing unveils coordinated global transcription AI翻译
  作者：Mahat, Dig B.; Tippens, Nathaniel D.; Martin-Rufino, Jorge D.; Waterton, Sean K.; Fu, Jiayu; Blatt, Sarah E.; Sharp, Phillip A.
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Stanford University; Northwestern University
  摘要：Transcription is the primary regulatory step in gene expression. Divergent transcription initiation from promoters and enhancers produces stable RNAs from genes and unstable RNAs from enhancers(1,2). Nascent RNA capture and sequencing assays simultaneously measure gene and enhancer activity in cell populations(3). However, fundamental questions about the temporal regulation of transcription and enhancer-gene coordination remain unanswered, primarily because of the absence of a single-cell pers...