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作者：Kochkov, Dmitrii; Yuval, Janni; Langmore, Ian; Norgaard, Peter; Smith, Jamie; Mooers, Griffin; Klower, Milan; Lottes, James; Rasp, Stephan; Duben, Peter; Hatfield, Sam; Battaglia, Peter; Sanchez-Gonzalez, Alvaro; Willson, Matthew; Brenner, Michael P.; Hoyer, Stephan
作者单位：Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF); Alphabet Inc.; DeepMind; Google Incorporated; Harvard University
摘要：General circulation models (GCMs) are the foundation of weather and climate prediction1,2. GCMs are physics-based simulators that combine a numerical solver for large-scale dynamics with tuned representations for small-scale processes such as cloud formation. Recently, machine-learning models trained on reanalysis data have achieved comparable or better skill than GCMs for deterministic weather forecasting3,4. However, these models have not demonstrated improved ensemble forecasts, or shown su...
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作者：Jones, Christopher W.; Overbey, Eliah G.; Lacombe, Jerome; Ecker, Adrian J.; Meydan, Cem; Ryon, Krista; Tierney, Braden; Damle, Namita; Mackay, Matthew; Afshin, Evan E.; Foox, Jonathan; Park, Jiwoon; Nelson, Theodore M.; Mohamad, Mir Suhail; Byhaqui, Syed Gufran Ahmad; Aslam, Burhan; Tali, Ummer Akbar; Nisa, Liaqun; Menon, Priya V.; Patel, Chintan O.; Khan, Sharib A.; Ebert, Doug J.; Everson, Aaron; Schubert, Michael C.; Ali, Nabila N.; Sarma, Mallika S.; Kim, Jangkeun; Houerbi, Nadia; Grigorev, Kirill; Medina, J. Sebastian Garcia; Summers, Alexander J.; Gu, Jian; Altin, John A.; Fattahi, Ali; Hirzallah, Mohammad I.; Wu, Jimmy H.; Stahn, Alexander C.; Beheshti, Afshin; Klotz, Remi; Ortiz, Veronica; Yu, Min; Patras, Laura; Matei, Irina; Lyden, David; Melnick, Ari; Banerjee, Neil; Mullane, Sean; Kleinman, Ashley S.; Loesche, Michael; Menon, Anil S.; Donoviel, Dorit B.; Urquieta, Emmanuel; Mateus, Jaime; Sargsyan, Ashot E.; Shelhamer, Mark; Zenhausern, Frederic; Bershad, Eric M.; Basner, Mathias; Mason, Christopher E.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; University of Arizona; University of Arizona; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Columbia University; Johns Hopkins University; Translational Genomics Research Institute; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Ames Research Center; University of Southern California; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Babes Bolyai University from Cluj; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; SpaceX; University of Texas System; University of Texas Health Science Center Houston; University of Arizona
摘要：Human spaceflight has historically been managed by government agencies, such as in the NASA Twins Study1, but new commercial spaceflight opportunities have opened spaceflight to a broader population. In 2021, the SpaceX Inspiration4 mission launched the first all-civilian crew to low Earth orbit, which included the youngest American astronaut (aged 29), new in-flight experimental technologies (handheld ultrasound imaging, smartwatch wearables and immune profiling), ocular alignment measurement...
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作者：Pillai, Arvind; Idris, Abbas; Philomin, Annika; Weidle, Connor; Skotheim, Rebecca; Leung, Philip J. Y.; Broerman, Adam; Demakis, Cullen; Borst, Andrew J.; Praetorius, Florian; Baker, David
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Institute of Science & Technology - Austria
摘要：Allosteric modulation of protein function, wherein the binding of an effector to a protein triggers conformational changes at distant functional sites, plays a central part in the control of metabolism and cell signalling1-3. There has been considerable interest in designing allosteric systems, both to gain insight into the mechanisms underlying such 'action at a distance' modulation and to create synthetic proteins whose functions can be regulated by effectors4-7. However, emulating the subtl...
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作者：Newcombe, Patrick B.
作者单位：Princeton University
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作者：Heyne, Henrike O.
作者单位：University of Potsdam
摘要：Genetic variants in RNU4-2, a gene in a part of the genome not usually in the spotlight, have been identified as the cause of a developmental disorder in a large number of individuals who previously lacked a diagnosis.
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作者：Mathys, Hansruedi; Boix, Carles A.; Akay, Leyla Anne; Xia, Ziting; Davila-Velderrain, Jose; Ng, Ayesha P.; Jiang, Xueqiao; Abdelhady, Ghada; Galani, Kyriaki; Mantero, Julio; Band, Neil; James, Benjamin T.; Babu, Sudhagar; Galiana-Melendez, Fabiola; Louderback, Kate; Prokopenko, Dmitry; Tanzi, Rudolph E.; Bennett, David A.; Tsai, Li-Huei; Kellis, Manolis
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Human Technopole; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Rush University; Stanford University
摘要：Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia worldwide, but the cellular pathways that underlie its pathological progression across brain regions remain poorly understood(1-3). Here we report a single-cell transcriptomic atlas of six different brain regions in the aged human brain, covering 1.3million cells from 283 post-mortem human brain samples across 48 individuals with and without Alzheimer's disease. We identify 76 cell types, including region-specific subtypes of astrocytes and ...
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作者：Dohare, Shibhansh; Hernandez-Garcia, J. Fernando; Lan, Qingfeng; Rahman, Parash; Mahmood, A. Rupam; Sutton, Richard S.
作者单位：University of Alberta
摘要：Artificial neural networks, deep-learning methods and the backpropagation algorithm(1) form the foundation of modern machine learning and artificial intelligence. These methods are almost always used in two phases, one in which the weights of the network are updated and one in which the weights are held constant while the network is used or evaluated. This contrasts with natural learning and many applications, which require continual learning. It has been unclear whether or not deep learning m...
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作者：Crease, Robert P.
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University
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作者：Mroz, Przemek; Udalski, Andrzej; Szymanski, Michal K.; Soszynski, Igor; Wyrzykowski, Lukasz; Pietrukowicz, Pawel; Kozlowski, Szymon; Poleski, Radoslaw; Skowron, Jan; Skowron, Dorota; Ulaczyk, Krzysztof; Gromadzki, Mariusz; Rybicki, Krzysztof; Iwanek, Patryk; Wrona, Marcin; Ratajczak, Milena
作者单位：University of Warsaw; University of Warwick; Weizmann Institute of Science
摘要：The gravitational wave detectors have shown a population of massive black holes that do not resemble those observed in the Milky Way1-3 and whose origin is debated4-6. According to a possible explanation, these black holes may have formed from density fluctuations in the early Universe (primordial black holes)7-9, and they should comprise several to 100% of dark matter to explain the observed black hole merger rates10-12. If these black holes existed in the Milky Way dark matter halo, they wou...
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作者：Crew, Bec
