Nature

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• Ancient DNA from the Green Sahara reveals ancestral North African lineage AI翻译
  作者：Salem, Nada; van de Loosdrecht, Marieke S.; Suemer, Arev Pelin; Vai, Stefania; Huebner, Alexander; Peter, Benjamin; Bianco, Raffaela A.; Lari, Martina; Modi, Alessandra; Al-Faloos, Mohamed Faraj Mohamed; Turjman, Mustafa; Bouzouggar, Abdeljalil; Tafuri, Mary Anne; Manzi, Giorgio; Rotunno, Rocco; Pruefer, Kay; Ringbauer, Harald; Caramelli, David; di Lernia, Savino; Krause, Johannes
  作者单位：Max Planck Society; Wageningen University & Research; University of Florence; Sapienza University Rome; Sapienza University Rome; University of Witwatersrand
  摘要：Although it is one of the most arid regions today, the Sahara Desert was a green savannah during the African Humid Period (AHP) between 14,500 and 5,000 years before present, with water bodies promoting human occupation and the spread of pastoralism in the middle Holocene epoch1. DNA rarely preserves well in this region, limiting knowledge of the Sahara's genetic history and demographic past. Here we report ancient genomic data from the Central Sahara, obtained from two approximately 7,000-yea...
• Sleep pressure accumulates in a voltage-gated lipid peroxidation memory AI翻译
  作者：Rorsman, H. Olof; Mueller, Max A.; Liu, Patrick Z.; Sanchez, Laura Garmendia; Kempf, Anissa; Gerbig, Stefanie; Spengler, Bernhard; Miesenbock, Gero
  作者单位：University of Oxford; Justus Liebig University Giessen; University of Basel
  摘要：Voltage-gated potassium (KV) channels contain cytoplasmically exposed beta-subunits1, 2, 3, 4-5 whose aldo-keto reductase activity6, 7-8 is required for the homeostatic regulation of sleep9. Here we show that Hyperkinetic, the beta-subunit of the KV1 channel Shaker in Drosophila7, forms a dynamic lipid peroxidation memory. Information is stored in the oxidation state of Hyperkinetic's nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) cofactor, which changes when lipid-derived carbonyls10, 11...
• Prohormone cleavage prediction uncovers a non-incretin anti-obesity peptide AI翻译
  作者：Coassolo, Laetitia; Danneskiold-Samsoe, Niels B.; Nguyen, Quennie; Wiggenhorn, Amanda; Zhao, Meng; Wang, David Cheng-Hao; Toomer, David; Lone, Jameel; Wei, Yichao; Patel, Aayan; Liparulo, Irene; Kavi, Deniz; Wat, Lianna W.; Reghupaty, Saranya Chidambaranathan; Kim, Julie Jae; Asemi, Tina; Bielczyk-Maczynska, Ewa; Li, Veronica L.; Moya-Garzon, Maria Dolores; Krentz, Nicole A. J.; Stahl, Andreas; Chou, Danny Hung-Chieh; Luo, Liqun; Svensson, Katrin J.
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Minnesota System; Stanford University; University of British Columbia
  摘要：Peptide hormones, a class of pharmacologically active molecules, have a critical role in regulating energy homeostasis. Prohormone convertase 1/3 (also known as PCSK1/3) represents a key enzymatic mechanism in peptide processing, as exemplified with the therapeutic target glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)1,2. However, the full spectrum of peptides generated by PCSK1 and their functional roles remain largely unknown. Here we use computational drug discovery to systematically map more than 2,600 p...
• Academia needs a more honest, scientific approach to DEI AI翻译
  作者：West, Keon
  作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
• Structure of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier and its inhibition mechanism AI翻译
  作者：He, Zheng; Zhang, Jianxiu; Xu, Yan; Fine, Eve J.; Suomivuori, Carl-Mikael; Dror, Ron O.; Feng, Liang
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University
  摘要：The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) governs the entry of pyruvate-a central metabolite that bridges cytosolic glycolysis with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation-into the mitochondrial matrix1, 2, 3, 4-5. It thus serves as a pivotal metabolic gatekeeper and has fundamental roles in cellular metabolism. Moreover, MPC is a key target for drugs aimed at managing diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and neurodegenerative diseases4, 5-6. However, despite MPC's critical roles in both phy...
• STING agonist-based ER-targeting molecules boost antigen cross-presentation AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Xiafeng; Huang, Zhangping; Xing, Lixiao; Shang, Liru; Jiang, Juan; Deng, Caiguanxi; Yu, Wei; Peng, Lin; Yang, Hao; Zheng, Xiaohong; Liu, Xinmin; Yang, Haolan; Chen, Yixin; Li, Yongyong; Liu, Jing; Xie, Xi; Xu, Wei; Xia, Xiaojun; Liu, Zezhong; Liu, Wanli; Jiang, Shibo; Zeng, Yingyue; Lu, Lu; Wang, Ji
  作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Liaoning University; Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University; State Key Lab Oncology South China; Fudan University; Fudan University
  摘要：CD8+ T cell immune responses are critical for combating infectious diseases and tumours1, 2-3. Antigen cross-presentation, primarily occurring at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of dendritic cells, is essential for protein-based vaccines to induce CD8+ T cell responses4. Current efforts have focused on antigen delivery at the tissue and cellular levels, whereas subcellular delivery has been limited to facilitating antigen escape from lysosomes into the cytosol. In the absence of a small-sized h...
• Electric-field-induced domain walls in wurtzite ferroelectrics AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Ding; Wang, Danhao; Molla, Mahlet; Liu, Yujie; Yang, Samuel; Yuan, Shuaishuai; Liu, Jiangnan; Hu, Mingtao; Wu, Yuanpeng; Ma, Tao; Sun, Kai; Guo, Hong; Kioupakis, Emmanouil; Mi, Zetian
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; McGill University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：Wurtzite ferroelectrics have transformative potential for next-generation microelectronics. A comprehensive understanding of their ferroelectric properties and domain energetics is crucial for tailoring their ferroelectric characteristics and exploiting their functional properties in practical devices. Despite burgeoning interest, the exact configurations and electronic structures of domain walls in wurtzite ferroelectrics remain elusive. Here we explain the atomic configurations and electroni...
• Trump blew up the global fight against AIDS. Can it recover? AI翻译
  作者：Bajaj, Simar S.
• Invasion of the 'journal snatchers': the firms that buy science publications and turn them rogue AI翻译
  作者：Chawla, Dalmeet Singh
• Hunter-gatherers journeyed by sea to Malta AI翻译
  作者：Gaffney, Dylan
  作者单位：University of Oxford