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作者：Barilari, Francesco; Zambiasi, Diego
作者单位：University of Rome Tor Vergata; Newcastle University - UK
摘要：This paper examines how political rhetoric shapes law enforcement behaviour. We analyse monthly arrest data from 1,420 police agencies across thirty-eight US states between January 1981 and December 1992, a period when US presidents intensified anti-drug messaging, particularly targeting crack cocaine, which the media disproportionately linked to Black communities. We construct a novel measure of national rhetoric intensity and show that it received greater coverage in local newspapers in coun...
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作者：Amior, Michael; Manning, Alan
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：If labour markets are competitive, migration can only affect native wages via marginal products. But under imperfect competition, migration may also increase wage mark-downs-if firms have greater monopsony power over migrants than natives, but cannot perfectly wage discriminate. While marginal products depend on relative labour supplies across skill cells, mark-downs depend on migrant concentration within them. This insight can help rationalise empirical violations of canonical migration model...
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作者：Garcia-Brazales, Javier
作者单位：University of Exeter
摘要：Can sustained exposure to females persistently modernise gender attitudes? I study the impact of female peers on gender roles, perceived relative gender ability and gender-related behaviours up to nine years later. For this, I exploit two-decade longitudinal information on cognition, attitudes, aspirations and expectations of a close-to-nationally-representative cohort of Vietnamese primary schoolers exogenously allocated to peers. I find that being in classes with a higher share of females we...
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作者：Bargain, Olivier; Etienne, Audrey; Melly, Blaise
作者单位：Universite de Rouen Normandie; University of Bern
摘要：We exploit an exceptionally long administrative panel dataset (1988-2019) for France to estimate the unconditional quantile effects of public sector employment, while accounting for individual fixed effects. We find that the public sector wage gap is broadly negative across the whole wage distribution after controlling for observable and unobservable heterogeneities. The public sector compresses the wage distribution, with particularly large wage penalties observed at the top. This compression...
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作者：Guirkinger, Catherine; Platteau, Jean-Philippe; Wahhaj, Zaki
作者单位：University of Namur; University of London; King's College London
摘要：Arranged marriage with a spouse chosen in the country of origin is a persisting practice in many migrant communities. In this context, rather than being imposed by migrant parents on children, an arranged marriage is the outcome of a negotiation between them. Parents see this type of marriage as a vector of transmission of their identity to the next generation. Children resist because they are concerned about mutual compatibility with their future spouse. Then, paradoxically, the possibility o...
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作者：Stans, Renske; Ehrmantraut, Laura; Siemers, Malin; Pinger, Pia
作者单位：University of Bonn; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Cologne
摘要：Do employers seek to attract individuals with more education because it enhances human capital or because it signals higher levels of pre-existing traits? We experimentally vary master's degree completion rates on applicant r & eacute;sum & eacute;s and examine how this influences candidates' desirability and employer perceptions of their productive characteristics. Our findings show that while a completed master's degree increases desirability, an incomplete master's degree is perceived by hu...
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作者：Andresen, Martin Eckhoff; Nix, Emily
作者单位：University of Oslo; University of Southern California
摘要：Children cause large reductions in earnings for mothers, but not fathers, a stylised fact known as the 'child penalty' that explains a substantial portion of remaining gender income gaps. We evaluate the impact of paternity leave, a policy intended to increase fathers' time with their young children and potentially decrease the child penalty by making caregiving more equitable. Despite fathers overwhelmingly taking up this leave, we detect no impacts on child penalties. We additionally find no...
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作者：Adhvaryu, Achyuta; Gade, Smit; Molina, Teresa; Nyshadham, Anant
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We conducted a randomised controlled trial in which we enabled workers to directly and anonymously communicate with human resources through mobile-phone-based technology. Treated workers were much more likely to know about the tool than controls, though usage was low: only 5% of treated workers reported ever using it. Despite this, turnover and absenteeism were 10% and 5% lower, respectively, for treated versus control workers. Together these findings suggest a substantial option value of enha...
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作者：Barro, Robert J.; Bianchi, Francesco
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Johns Hopkins University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：The fiscal theory of the price level has been active for thirty years, and the interest in this theory grew with the recent global surges in inflation and government spending. A related idea from Lucas and Stokey is that inflation during wartime (or an analogous global emergency such as the COVID pandemic) can be an efficient form of state-contingent public finance. This study applies these ideas to the recent inflation in thirty-seven Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development coun...
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作者：Gonzalez, Libertad; Jimenez-Martin, Sergi; Nollenberger, Natalia; Castello, Judit Vall
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; IE University; University of Barcelona
摘要：We evaluate the short- and long-term effects for women of access to legal, subsidised abortion. We find evidence that the legalisation of abortion in Spain in 1985 led to an immediate decrease in births, more pronounced for younger women in provinces with a higher supply of abortion services. Affected women were more likely to graduate from high school, less likely to marry young, less likely to divorce in the long term and reported higher life satisfaction as adults. We find at most small red...
