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作者：Etienne, Julien
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：The factors explaining decentralized enforcement - the monitoring and reporting of illegalities in organizations by employees - remain poorly understood. This article contributes to filling this gap by presenting a study of employee reports to regulatory authorities of incidents that have taken place in British and French high hazard industries. The article distinguishes between two different registers of quiet and loud reporting, reflecting the varying echo of employee reports, as intended ei...
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作者：Shaffer, Gregory
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：The World Trade Organization (WTO) arguably shapes regulatory governance in more countries to a greater extent than any other international organization. This article provides a new framework for assessing the broader transnational regulatory implications of the WTO as part of a transnational legal order (TLO) in terms of four dimensions of regulatory change that permeate the state: (i) changes in the boundary between the market and the state (involving concomitantly market liberalization and ...
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作者：Mugge, Daniel; Stellinga, Bart
作者单位：University of Amsterdam
摘要：Accounting standards are the foundations of the financial regulatory edifice, and global financial governance is no more stable than the asset valuations that feed it. Yet for two decades and up to this day, no international accounting rule for financial instruments - the bulk of banks' balance sheets - has emerged that was more than a temporary fix, to be succeeded by further reforms. We show how banking regulators have been central to this dynamic and how their support for applying fair valu...
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作者：Auld, Graeme; Renckens, Stefan; Cashore, Benjamin
作者单位：Carleton University; University of Toronto; Yale University
摘要：Transnational private governance initiatives that address problems of social and environmental concern now pervade many sectors. In tackling distinct substantive problems, these programs have, however, prioritized different problem-oriented logics in their institutionalized rules and procedures. One is a logic of control that focuses on ameliorating environmental and social externalities by establishing strict and enforceable rules; another is a logic of empowerment that concentrates on remedy...
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作者：Toffel, Michael W.; Short, Jodi L.; Ouellet, Melissa
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Transnational business regulation is increasingly implemented through private voluntary programs - such as certification regimes and codes of conduct - that diffuse global standards. However, little is known about the conditions under which companies adhere to these standards. We conduct one of the first large-scale comparative studies to determine which international, domestic, civil society, and market institutions promote supply chain factories' adherence to the global labor standards embod...
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作者：Driesen, David M.
作者单位：Syracuse University
摘要：This essay reviews a new edited volume entitled Does Regulation Kill Jobs? It concludes that this book brings much needed data and realism to the debate about jobs and the environment, showing that government regulation generally has minor impacts on employment. This essay focuses much of its attention on the suggestion, discussed by several of the contributors to this book, that cost-benefit analysis should include a dollar value representing an estimate of the value of employment changes a p...
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作者：Samford, Steven
作者单位：University of Toronto
摘要：Important product and process innovations are often developed in public spaces that promote collaboration and provide shelter from market competition. Given that most collaborative spaces are costly to establish, the possible implications are bleak for economically strapped developing countries. This paper highlights a less conspicuous - if not unknown - source of collaborative space: the regulatory process. Regulators can induce innovation by promoting collaboration across organizational, sec...
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作者：Lall, Ranjit
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Rules governing the international financial system are the subject of some of the most intense distributional battles waged in any area of global governance. Who wins and who loses such battles - and why? I develop a novel analytical framework - technical elite network (TEN) theory - which explains the widely varying levels of influence that stakeholders enjoy over global financial standards. TEN theory draws attention to how issue-specific characteristics of international finance - in particu...
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作者：Braithwaite, John; Hong, Seung-Hun
作者单位：Australian National University
摘要：One reason that regulation is difficult is that repeated encounters between regulator and regulatee are rare. We suggest diplomacy as a model for reconfiguring regulatory institutions in response. Ambassadors for Regulatory Affairs who would be agents for all state regulatory agencies could be based in most large firms and small and medium enterprises that pose unusual regulatory risks. In rural towns, police would be trained as regulatory ambassadors. Just as a US Secretary of State can launc...
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作者：Greenwood, Justin; Roederer-Rynning, Christilla
作者单位：Robert Gordon University; University of Southern Denmark
摘要：Public policy initiatives aimed at the prevention of future financial crises originate with global harmonization in the form of executive standards issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. This article explores the role of the European Parliament (EP) in the process of adapting the standards in European Union legislation passed in 2013 as the Capital Requirements Regulation/Capital Requirements Directive IV. Unlike accounts casting the EP as increasingly dependent upon outside sou...
