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作者：Tai, Qianchen; Zhou, Xiao-Hua
作者单位：Peking University; Peking University; Peking University
摘要：Imperfect gold standard bias arises when an imperfect reference test is used as if it were a gold standard to evaluate the accuracy of diagnostic tests. Additionally, if this imperfect reference standard is only verified in a sub-population that is not representative of the whole sample and the missingness mechanism depends on the unknown disease status, nonignorable verification bias emerges. Some existing works explored the simultaneous adjustment of verification bias and imperfect gold stan...
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作者：Zhong, Chong; Li, Yang; Yang, Danjuan; Li, Meiyan; Zhou, Xingtao; Fu, Bo; Liu, Catherine c.; Welsh, A. H.
作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Australian National University
摘要：The ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus image is an attractive 3D biomarker in AI-aided myopia screening because it provides much richer myopia-related information. Though axial length (AL) has been acknowledged to be highly related to the two key targets of myopia screening, spherical equivalence (SE) measurement and high myopia diagnosis, its prediction based on the UWF fundus image is rarely considered. To save the high expense and time costs of measuring SE and AL, we propose the Copula-enhanced ...
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作者：Barlow, Anna Maria; Sherlock, Chris
作者单位：University of Stuttgart; Lancaster University
摘要：Insurance losses due to flooding can be estimated by simulating and then summing losses over a large number of locations and a large set of hypothetical years of flood events. Replicated realisations lead to Monte Carlo return-level estimates and associated uncertainty. The procedure, however, is highly computationally intensive. We develop and use a new, Bennett-like concentration inequality, to provide conservative but relatively accurate estimates of return levels. Bennett's inequality acco...
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作者：Fernandez-Piana, Lucas; Justel, Ana; Svarc, Marcela
作者单位：Universidad de San Andres Argentina; Autonomous University of Madrid; Universidad de San Andres Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET)
摘要：Sets of trajectories that begin or end at the same point, in the form of a bouquet, appear in several real-world problems, such as the dispersion of volcanic ash or forecasts of hurricane paths, among others. Our interest in this type of trajectory focuses on studying the biogeography of airborne microorganisms and their ability to colonise soils recently exposed due to climate change. For these functional data, we introduce a new integrated depth measure (D) that allows finding central and ou...
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作者：Tseng, Sheng-Tsaing; Hsu, Nan-Jung; Wu, Chien-Chi
作者单位：National Tsing Hua University
摘要：Conducting a cost-efficient lifetime-testing plan to timely assess lifetime information of a highly reliable product is often a challenging task in the manufacturing industry. Motivated by a case study of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, this paper introduces a multirun k-level step-stress experiment, running under different stresses in repeated cycles, to collect and analyze the degradation data of reusable highly-reliable products. Specifically, we formulate the battery capacity over rech...
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作者：Deutsch, Isabella; Ross, Gordon J.
作者单位：University of Edinburgh
摘要：Product cannibalisation in the marketplace refers to the decrease in the sales of one product due to competition from another product. We examine this phenomenon in a wholesale data set provided by a major international company. We use a multivariate Hawkes process where each product is represented by a dimension, with cross-inhibition effects that model product cannibalisation. To implement the Hawkes process with inhibition, we resolve challenges regarding the integration of the intensity fu...
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作者：Corbella, Alice; Presanis, Anne M.; Birrell, Paul J.; De Angelis, Daniela
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Cambridge; MRC Biostatistics Unit; UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA)
摘要：Health-policy planning requires evidence on the burden that epidemics place on healthcare systems. Multiple, often dependent, datasets provide a noisy and fragmented signal from the unobserved epidemic process including transmission and severity dynamics. This paper explores important challenges to the use of state-space models for epidemic inference when multiple dependent datasets are analysed. We propose a new semistochastic model that exploits deterministic approximations for large-scale t...
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作者：Rodriguez, Carlos E.; Walker, Stephen G.; Mena, Ramses H.
作者单位：Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：The theoretical backdrop to this paper is the finite population Bayesian bootstrap and recent developments on martingale posterior distributions. From these ideas we introduce a novel method for Bayesian parametric finite population inference. The proposed approach, which is model-based and designed to facilitate uncertainty quantification, allows for the estimation of any quantity of interest from the finite population. Specifically, the unobserved part of the finite population is imputed via...
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作者：Schwob, Michael R.; Hooten, Mevin B.; Calzada, Nicholas M.; Keitt, Timothy H.
作者单位：Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Compositional observations are an increasingly prevalent data source in spatial statistics. Analysis of such data is typically done on log-ratio transformations or via Dirichlet regression. However, these approaches often make unnecessarily strong assumptions (e.g., strictly positive components, exclusively negative correlations). An alternative approach uses square-root transformed compositions and directional distributions. Such distributions naturally allow for zero-valued components and po...
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作者：Chen, Hao; Guo, Dingzi; Guo, Ying; He, Yong; Liu, Dong; Liu, Lei; Yin, Yue; Zhou, Xiao-Hua
作者单位：Shandong University; Shandong University; Emory University; Rollins School Public Health; Nanyang Technological University; Washington University (WUSTL); Shandong University; Peking University; Peking University; Peking University
摘要：In this study we focus on Cooperative Differential Network Learning with hub detection (CDNL) for functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scan from multiple research centers. As research centers may use varying scanners, imaging parameters, and other conditions that introduce heterogeneity, CDNL allows us to analyze fMRI data from various perspectives while identifying shared structures, potentially revealing the underlying mechanisms of neurological diseases. In addition, brain functiona...
