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作者：Wang, Changhu; Chen, Zihao; Xi, Ruibin
作者单位：Peking University; Peking University
摘要：Motivated by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) applications, we consider feature screening for ultrahigh-dimensional clustering of count data. A critical problem in scRNA-seq studies is cell type identification, typically achieved by clustering high-dimensional gene expression data. However, many genes are cluster-irrelevant, and their inclusion can significantly impact clustering accuracy. Effective screening of cluster-relevant genes, known as the feature screening problem in cluster an...
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作者：Yang, Cheng-Han; Thall, Peter F.; Lin, Ruitao
作者单位：Yale University; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center
摘要：Phase 1-2 designs provide a methodological advance over phase 1 designs for dose finding by incorporating both early clinical response and toxicity. However, a phase 1-2 trial may still fail to select the truly optimal dose because early response is not a perfect surrogate for long-term therapeutic success. To address this problem, a generalized phase 1-2 design first uses a phase 1-2 design's components to identify a set of candidate doses, adaptively randomizes patients among the candidates,...
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作者：Latiffianti, Effi; Sheng, Shawn; Rodgers, Marianne; Sanderson, Robbie; Ding, Yu
作者单位：Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember; United States Department of Energy (DOE); National Renewable Energy Laboratory - USA; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：Unexpected failures in engineering systems lead to expensive maintenance actions and should be avoided if at all possible. This is particularly true for wind turbine systems for which unexpected failures not only demand costly repairs but also cause long downtime. Motivated by this need, we present an accumulation method for fault early warning and failure anticipation. Our research shows that one critical element allowing the ability of early warning is to accumulate the small-magnitude sympt...
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作者：Leavitt, Thomas; Hatfield, Laura A.
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; Baruch College (CUNY); University of Chicago
摘要：To investigate causal impacts, many researchers use controlled pre-post designs that compare over-time differences between a population exposed to a policy change and an unexposed comparison group. However, researchers using these designs often disagree about the correct specification of the causal model, perhaps most notably in analyses to identify the effects of gun policies on crime. To help settle these model specification debates, we propose a general identification framework that unifies...
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作者：Morsomme, Raphael; Xu, Jason
作者单位：Duke University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Stochastic epidemic models provide an interpretable probabilistic description of the spread of a disease through a population. Yet fitting these models to partially observed data can be a difficult task due to intractability of the marginal likelihood, even for classic Markovian models. To remedy this issue, this article introduces a novel data-augmented Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler for exact Bayesian inference under the stochastic susceptible-infectious-removed model, given only discretel...
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作者：Page, Garritt L.; Ventrucci, Massimo; Franco-Villoria, Maria; Seeley, Matthew K.
作者单位：Brigham Young University; University of Bologna; Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia; Brigham Young University
摘要：There is keen interest in the field of biomechanics to identify unique strategies of negotiating specific movement tasks post lower-limb joint injury. Finite mixture models are flexible methods that are commonly used for carrying out this type of task. A recent focus in the model-based clustering literature is to highlight the difference between the number of components in a mixture model and the number of clusters. The number of clusters is more relevant from a practical stand point, but to d...
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作者：Zhang, Yuzi; Warren, Joshua L.; Hao, Hua; Chang, Howard H.
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Yale University; Emory University; Emory University; Rollins School Public Health
摘要：A time-to-event analysis is advocated for examining associations between time-varying environmental exposures and preterm birth in cohort studies. While the identification of preterm birth entirely depends on gestational age, the true gestational age is rarely known in practice. Obstetric estimate (OE) and gestational age based on the date of last menstrual period (LMP) are two commonly used measurements, but both suffer from various sources of error. Uncertainties in gestational age result in...
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作者：Li, Lexin
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作者：Nath, Shanjukta; Warren, Keith; Paul, Subhadeep
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：We investigate peer role model influence on successful graduation from therapeutic communities (TCs) for substance abuse and criminal behavior. We use data from three TCs that kept records of exchanges of affirmations among residents and their precise entry and exit dates, allowing us to form peer networks and define a causal effect of interest. The role model effect measures the difference in the expected outcome of a resident (ego) who can observe one of their peers graduate before the ego's...
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作者：Yu, Jiaxin; Qian, Tianchen
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：To optimize mobile health interventions and advance domain knowledge on intervention design, it is critical to understand how the intervention effect varies over time and with contextual information. This study aims to assess how a push notification suggesting physical activity influences individuals' step counts using data from the HeartSteps micro-randomized trial (MRT). The statistical challenges include the time-varying treatments and longitudinal functional step count measurements. We pro...
