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作者：Parolin, Zachary; Curran, Megan; Matsudaira, Jordan; Waldfogel, Jane; Wimer, Christopher
作者单位：Bocconi University; Columbia University; Columbia University; Columbia University Teachers College; Columbia University; Columbia University
摘要：Official poverty estimates for the United States are presented annually, based on a family unit's annual resources, and reported with a considerable lag. This study introduces a framework to produce monthly estimates of the Supplemental Poverty Measure and official poverty measure, based on a family unit's monthly income, and with a two-week lag. We argue that a shorter accounting period and more timely estimates of poverty better account for intra-year income volatility and better inform the ...
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作者：Gill, Brian
作者单位：Mathematica
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作者：Tekin, Erdal
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作者：Baird, Matthew; Kofoed, Michael S.; Miller, Trey; Wenger, Jennie
作者单位：RAND Corporation; United States Department of Defense; United States Army; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; RAND Corporation
摘要：In 2010, Congress reauthorized the Post-9/11 GI Bill by changing reimbursement rates from by-state maximums to a nationwide limit. This policy created exogenous variation in financial aid for veterans at private universities. We detect changes in tuition only for for-profit colleges, where we estimate a 1 percent pass-through rate. This response is mainly from states with decreased benefits; colleges with more veterans, and colleges whose pre-change tuition was above the state maximum but belo...
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作者：Danagoulian, Shooshan; Grossman, Daniel; Slusky, David
作者单位：Wayne State University; West Virginia University; University of Kansas
摘要：Environmental disasters can affect how individuals use healthcare services. We use the Flint water crisis to examine rates of avoidable emergency care, which is costly to both providers and patients, and office visits. In September 2015, the city of Flint issued a lead advisory to its residents, alerting them of increased lead levels in their drinking water, resulting from the switch in water source from Lake Huron to the Flint River. Using Medicaid claims for 2013 to 2016, we find that this a...
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作者：Heinrich, Carolyn J.; Cheng, Huiping
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University Peabody College; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：An emerging body of research links online credit recovery programs to rising high school graduation rates but does not find comparable increases in student learning. This study follows high school students who engaged in online credit recovery into the labor market to understand the longer-term implications of this growing educational trend. If online credit recovery contributes to high school completion and facilitates job entry, then participants in online credit recovery may have labor mark...
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作者：Geiger, Jessica
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作者：Amrein-Beardsley, Audrey
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
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作者：Lipman, Erin R.; Deke, John; Finucane, Mariel M.
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Mathematica
摘要：Policymakers are often interested in understanding the impact of an intervention on specific subgroups, not just an overall population. But analyzing subgroup impacts poses challenges. Subgroup estimates are noisier than whole population estimates due to smaller sample sizes. In addition, within the null hypothesis significance testing framework, the chance of a statistically significant impact estimate-where in truth the policy has no meaningful impact-grows rapidly with the number of subgrou...
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作者：Francesconi, Marco; James, Jonathan
作者单位：University of Essex; University of Bath
摘要：In May 2018, Scotland introduced a minimum unit price on alcohol. We examine the impact of this policy on traffic fatalities and drunk driving accidents. Using administrative data on the universe of vehicle collisions in Britain and a range of quasi-experimental modeling approaches, we do not find that the policy had an effect on road crash deaths and drunk driving collisions. The results are robust to several sensitivity exercises. There is no evidence of effect heterogeneity by income and ot...
