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作者：Pancotti, Elizabeth; Tucker, Todd N.
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作者：Levinson, Arik
作者单位：Georgetown University
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作者：Peck, L. R.
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作者：Harris, Jorgen M.; Jerch, Rhiannon
作者单位：Occidental College; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：This paper estimates the effect of Temporary Protected Status (TPS), a temporary legalization policy, on the incomes and property ownership of Salvadoran recipients over 20 years. We compare likely undocumented Salvadoran immigrants eligible for TPS to a control group of likely undocumented immigrants ineligible for TPS in an event study design that allows us to observe the policy's effects over 2 decades. We find that earnings, homeownership, and use of a car increased considerably for at lea...
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作者：Bell, Courtney; James, Jessalynn; Taylor, Eric S.; Wyckoff, James
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Virginia
摘要：We study the returns to experience in teaching, estimated using supervisor ratings from classroom observations. We describe the assumptions required to interpret changes in observation ratings over time as the causal effect of experience on performance. We compare two difference-in-differences strategies: the two-way fixed effects estimator common in the literature, and an alternative which avoids potential bias arising from effect heterogeneity. Using data from Tennessee and Washington, DC, w...
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作者：Lennon, Conor
作者单位：Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
摘要：The Affordable Care Act (ACA) provided funding to help states expand Medicaid eligibility to those earning up to 138% of the Federal Poverty Level. Such expansions in Medicaid eligibility, however, could crowd out private insurance coverage, including changes in coverage relating to other ACA provisions. To estimate the extent of such crowd out, I use a difference-in-differences empirical approach, examining changes in health insurance coverage sources among low-income Americans in states that...
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作者：Armour, Philip; Gadwah-Meaden, Catria
作者单位：RAND Corporation
摘要：The last few decades have seen rapid growth in the size of the Veterans Affairs Disability Compensation (VADC) program, which provides tax-free cash benefits to veterans with disabilities connected to military service. Given this recent growth, VADC is on pace to eclipse Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) to become the largest U.S. disability program by expenditures. Although there are decades of causal research on the design and impacts of SSDI, there is no comparable body of evidenc...
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作者：Bell, Courtney; James, Jessalynn; Taylor, Eric S.; Wyckoff, James
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作者：Levinson, Arik
作者单位：Georgetown University
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作者：Lavertu, Stephane; Tran, Long
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：There is growing concern that some public service providers may be nonprofit in name but not in fact. We consider this issue in the context of nonprofit charter schools, which sometimes subcontract their daily operations to for-profit management organizations. We use unique data from Ohio to study how nonprofit charters' reliance on for-profit operators affects student achievement and attendance. The results indicate that charter schools with for-profit operators are, on average, at least as e...
