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作者：Bell, Courtney; James, Jessalynn; Taylor, Eric S.; Wyckoff, James
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作者：Jacobs, Lindsay; Mutlu, Bilge; Radwin, Robert; Smeeding, Timothy
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Substitution of capital in the form of automation and robotics has displaced many American manufacturing workers, especially those without college degrees. However, this need not be the path forward. We argue that now is an opportune time for greater policy emphasis on collaborative robots, or cobots, which are designed to complement rather than replace manual labor while raising productivity. To realize this potential, policies must properly align incentives, support training, and address oft...
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作者：Harris, Douglas N.
作者单位：Tulane University
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作者：Bloem, Michael D.
摘要：I study whether the amount of time students take to complete their bachelor's degree affects labor outcomes after graduation using a resume-based field experiment. I randomly assign a time to degree of either 4 or 6 years to over 7,000 fictitious resumes of recent graduates and submit them to entry-level business jobs. Resumes listing degree completion in 6 years received 1% to 2% fewer employer responses than resumes indicating graduation in 4 years, which is not a statistically significant d...
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作者：Harris, Douglas N.
作者单位：Tulane University
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作者：Farrow, Scott; Doeringer, Peter B.
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore County; Boston University
摘要：This study uses a novel framework based on the negotiated staffing equilibrium between governmental agencies and governing bodies to estimate the net benefits of increasing employment in public sector occupations that experience chronic labor shortages. The marginal values of these labor inputs, as perceived by the parties during budget negotiations, are inferred from information on the cost and productivity of labor in short supply compared to those values at the funded equilibrium employment...
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作者：Dragan, Kacie L.
作者单位：Columbia University; New York University
摘要：Low-income housing is often of substandard quality. Health care payers like Medicaid and Medicare are piloting reimbursement for housing quality improvement with the rationale of reducing expenses from acute care use, but little is known about whether housing quality interventions can alter health utilization. I evaluate a large-scale policy mandating remediation of NYC's worst buildings in a regression discontinuity design to estimate the causal effect of housing improvements on health utiliz...
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作者：Ambrozek, Charlotte E.; Beatty, Timothy K. M.; Bitler, Marianne P.; Cheng, Xinzhe H.; Rabbitt, Matthew P.
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; Congressional Budget Office; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
摘要：We evaluate the effects of the nationwide transition in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) from paper vouchers to Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) cards on store decisions to seek authorization to accept WIC benefits. We combine novel administrative data from The Integrity Profile (USDA administrative data on stores participating in WIC and their WIC reimbursements) with new nationwide policy data on WIC EBT implementation. Using a staggered adop...
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作者：Font, Sarah; Connell, Christian M.; Goldstein, Ezra G.; Jones, Dylan
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：Current U.S. law mandates notification of substance-affected infants to state child welfare systems (CWS) for the purpose of assessment and service connections. Yet, CWS appears to identify a small share of substance-affected infants at birth, potentially reflecting inconsistent diagnosis of prenatal substance exposure (PSE) and emerging efforts to limit toxicology testing. This study uses linked maternal and child administrative records (2015 to 2021) for Pennsylvania Medicaid-covered births ...
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作者：Hu, Caiwen; Wang, Zhenyu
作者单位：Tongji University
摘要：This study examines how officials' heterogeneous preferences, particularly shaped by traumatic childhood experiences, impact government policy decisions. Leveraging China's Great Famine as a natural experiment, we apply a cohort difference-in-differences (DID) approach to analyze the effect of officials' exposure to famine on government objectives in their jurisdictions. Results show that famine-exposed officials, particularly those aged five or older during the crisis (a formative period for ...
