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作者：Bhargava, Hemant K.; Choudhary, Vidyanand
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：This paper provides insights about when versioning is an optimal strategy for information goods. Our characterization of this class of goods is that variable costs are invariant with quality, including the special case of zero variable costs. Our analysis assumes a monopoly firm that has an existing product in the market and has an opportunity to segment the market by introducing additional lower-quality versions. We derive a simple decision rule for determining the optimality of versioning ba...
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作者：Chao, Raul O.; Kavadias, Stylianos
作者单位：University of Virginia; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：Developing the right new products is critical to firm success and is often cited as a key competitive dimension. This paper explores new product development (NPD) portfolio strategy and the balance between incremental and radical innovation. We characterize innovative effort through a normative theoretical framework that addresses a popular practice in NPD portfolio management: the use of strategic buckets. Strategic buckets encourage the division of the overall NPD resource budget into smalle...
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作者：Rahmandad, Hazhir; Sterman, John
作者单位：Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：When is it better to use agent-based (AB) models, and when should differential equation (DE) models be used? Whereas DE models assume homogeneity and perfect mixing within compartments, AB models can capture heterogeneity across individuals and in the network of interactions among them. AB models relax aggregation assumptions, but entail computational and cognitive costs that may limit sensitivity analysis and model scope. Because resources are limited, the costs and benefits of such disaggreg...
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作者：Clark, Derek J.; Konrad, Kai A.
作者单位：UiT The Arctic University of Tromso; Free University of Berlin
摘要：Where product innovation requires several complementary patents, fragmented property rights can limit firms' willingness to invest in R&D. We consider the research intensity in multiple simultaneous R&D contests and how it depends on whether firms already hold relevant patents as well as the availability of an option to invent around. A measure of technological uncertainty is also analyzed. The multiple patent product involves an important hold-up problem that can reduce the overall R&D effort...
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作者：Dechenaux, Emmanuel; Goldfarb, Brent; Shane, Scott; Thursby, Marie
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Kent State University; Kent State University Salem; Kent State University Kent; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The effects of appropriability on invention have been well studied, but there has been little analysis of the effect of appropriability on the commercialization of existing inventions. Exploiting a database of 805 attempts by private firms to commercialize inventions licensed from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) between 1980 and 1996, we explore the influence of several appropriability mechanisms on the commercialization and termination of projects to develop products based on ...
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作者：Erat, Sanjiv; Kavadias, Stylianos
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：ast research in new product development (NPD) has conceptualized prototyping as a design- build- testanalyze cycle to emphasize the importance of the analysis of test results in guiding the decisions made during the experimentation process. New product designs often involve complex architectures and incorporate numerous components, and this makes the ex ante assessment of their performance dif. cult. Still, design teams often learn from test outcomes during iterative test cycles enabling them...
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作者：Gans, Joshua S.; Hsu, David H.; Stern, Scott
作者单位：University of Melbourne; University of Pennsylvania; Northwestern University
摘要：This paper considers the impact of the intellectual property (IP) system on the timing of cooperation/licensing by start-up technology entrepreneurs. If the market for technology licenses is efficient, the timing of licensing is independent of whether IP has already been granted. In contrast, the need to disclose complementary (yet unprotected) knowledge, asymmetric information or search costs may retard efficient technology transfer. In these cases, reductions in uncertainty surrounding the s...
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作者：Chance, Don M.; Hillebrand, Eric; Hilliard, Jimmy E.
作者单位：Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University
摘要：We develop a model for valuing revenue streams from innovations. The stochastic properties of revenue from innovations create a more difficult environment in which to value options than when the underlying is a security. There is no initial revenue, and cumulative revenue cannot decrease. Revenues from innovations are characterized by different lives and different rates of the resolution of uncertainty. A common deterministic model for predicting revenue from an innovation is known as the Bass...
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作者：Ramdas, Kamalini; Randall, Taylor
作者单位：University of Virginia; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：Component sharing-the use of a component on multiple products within a firm's product line-is widely practiced as a means of offering high variety at low cost. Although many researchers have examined tradeoffs involved in component sharing, little research has focused on the impact of component sharing on quality. In this paper, we examine how component sharing impacts one dimension of quality-reliability-defined as mean time to failure. Design considerations suggest that a component designed ...
