Appropriability and commercialization: Evidence from MIT inventions

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Dechenaux, Emmanuel; Goldfarb, Brent; Shane, Scott; Thursby, Marie
• 署名单位: University System of Ohio; Kent State University; Kent State University Salem; Kent State University Kent; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; National Bureau of Economic Research
• 刊物名称: MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0025-1909
• DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.1070.0780
• 发表日期: 2008
• 页码: 893-906
• 关键词: competing risks; INNOVATION; optimal stopping problem; patent scope; lead time; learning; university licensing; termination

摘要

The effects of appropriability on invention have been well studied, but there has been little analysis of the effect of appropriability on the commercialization of existing inventions. Exploiting a database of 805 attempts by private firms to commercialize inventions licensed from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) between 1980 and 1996, we explore the influence of several appropriability mechanisms on the commercialization and termination of projects to develop products based on university inventions. Our central hypothesis is that the relationship between a licensee's decision to either terminate or commercialize the invention is driven by the current market value of the invention, as well as the option value of delaying its commercialization. We use a competing risks framework that allows for nonparametric heterogeneity and correlated risks. We find that better appropriability in the sense of more effective patent strength and secrecy has a strong negative effect on the hazard of license termination. The effectiveness of learning has a strong positive effect on the hazard of technology commercialization, while lead time has a negative effect.