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作者：Berry, Heather; Kaul, Aseem
作者单位：George Washington University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：We develop and test a rigorous theoretical account of firm global sourcing decisions, distinguishing the antecedents of offshore integration from those of offshore outsourcing. Although traditional theories of global sourcing focus on lowering costs, we argue that as high-performing firms seek to develop new capabilities by tapping into foreign knowledge, they will increasingly turn to offshore integration to reap colocation benefits and overcome expropriation challenges. By contrast, offshore...
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作者：Anjos, Fernando; Fracassi, Cesare
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：We propose and test a view of corporate diversification as a strategy that exploits internal information markets, by bringing together information that is scattered across the economy. First, we construct an interindustry network using input-output data, to proxy for the economy's information structure. Second, we introduce a new measure of conglomerate informational advantage, named excess centrality, which captures how much more central conglomerates are relative to specialized firms operati...
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作者：Goh, Khim-Yong; Hui, Kai-Lung; Png, Ivan P. L.
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; National University of Singapore
摘要：If not well targeted, advertising and direct marketing inflict nuisance and inconvenience on consumers. Theoretical analyses predict that consumer actions to avoid advertising impose externalities on other consumers. We investigate the extent of such externalities in the context of the U.S. Do Not Call (DNC) registry by exploiting the exogenous timing of the enforcement of the registry. Supported by multiple robustness tests, and validation and falsification exercises, we conclude that consume...
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作者：Goldfarb, Avi; Tucker, Catherine E.
作者单位：University of Toronto; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：The technological transformation and automation of digital content delivery has revolutionized the media industry. Increased reliance on automation has also led to requirements for standardization of content-delivery formats. This paper examines how the memorability of banner advertising changed with the introduction of new standards regularizing its format. Using data from randomized field tests, we find evidence that for most ads, ad effectiveness falls as the use of standard formats rises. ...
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作者：Yang, S. Alex; Birge, John R.; Parker, Rodney P.
作者单位：University of London; London Business School; University of Chicago
摘要：This paper examines how a firm's financial distress and the legal environment regarding the ease of bankruptcy reorganization can alter product market competition and supplier-buyer relationships. We identify three effects-predation, bail-out, and abetment-that can change firms' behavior from their actions in the absence of financial distress. The predation effect increases competition before potential bankruptcy as the nondistressed competitor behaves as if it has some first-mover advantage t...
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作者：Jia, Jayson S.; Khan, Uzma; Litt, Ab
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; Stanford University
摘要：We show that the way decision makers construct risk perceptions is systematically influenced by their level of self-control: low self-control results in greater weighting of probability and reduced weighting of consequences of negative outcomes in formulating overall threat perceptions. Seven studies demonstrate such distorted risk construction in wide-ranging risk domains. The effects hold for both chronic and manipulated levels of perceived self-control and are observed only for risks involv...
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作者：Wu, Yanhui
作者单位：University of Southern California
摘要：This paper formulates a model in which a firm simultaneously chooses its organizational structure and product position. The firm's production is knowledge intensive, requiring employees to solve problems. A vertical hierarchy, in which workers refer unsolved problems to managers facilitates the acquisition and leveraging of managers' superior knowledge. I show that a larger span of control is complementary to the provision of high-value products. Moreover, this complementarity is sustained whe...
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作者：Ockenfels, Axel; Sliwka, Dirk; Werner, Peter
作者单位：University of Cologne; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We investigate how bonus payments affect the satisfaction and performance of managers in a large multinational company. We find that falling behind a natural reference standard for a fair bonus payment (a reference point violation) reduces satisfaction and subsequent performance. The effects are mitigated if information about one's relative standing toward the reference point is withheld. A model and a laboratory experiment provide complementary insights and additional robustness checks.
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作者：Lefgren, Lars; Platt, Brennan; Price, Joseph
作者单位：Brigham Young University
摘要：Outcome bias occurs when an evaluator considers ex post outcomes when judging whether a choice was correct ex ante. We formalize this cognitive bias in a simple model of distorted Bayesian updating. We then examine strategy changes made by professional basketball coaches. We find that they are more likely to revise their strategy after a loss than a win-even for narrow losses, which are uninformative about team effectiveness. This increased strategy revision following a loss occurs even when a...
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作者：Zhang, Kaifu; Sarvary, Miklos
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：This paper studies competition between firms whose products (content) are generated by their customers (users). Video sharing sites, social networks, online games, etc. all rely heavily on user-generated content and have been growing significantly in the last decade. We model a Hotelling style market in which consumers have heterogeneous tastes along a circular city. In a first step, we consider two ex ante identical firms whose offerings entirely depend on user-generated content. Consumers co...
