-
作者：Baltes, BB; Briggs, TE; Huff, JW; Wright, JA; Neuman, GA
作者单位：Wayne State University; Northern Illinois University
摘要：Meta-analytic techniques were used to estimate the effects of flexible and compressed workweek schedules on several work-related criteria (productivity/performance, job satisfaction, absenteeism, and satisfaction with work schedule). In general, the effects of both schedules were positive. However, the effects of both flextime and compressed workweek schedules were different across the outcome criteria (e.g., compressed workweek schedules did not significantly affect absenteeism). Thus, the le...
-
作者：Rousseau, DM; Tijoriwala, SA
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：This study provides support for social accounts theory and motivated reasoning theory, both of which help explain how employees interpret the reasons that organizations undertake change. In a field study of a hospital implementing empowerment among nurses, staff nurses (n = 501) cited 3 types of reasons as motivating the change: economic, quality improvement, and self-serving or political reasons. (The formal, managerially stated reason for the change was quality improvement.) Results generall...
-
作者：Phillips, MR; McAuliff, BD; Kovera, MB; Cutler, BL
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida International University
摘要：This experiment examined whether a photoarray administrator's knowledge of a suspect's identity increased false identification rates. Fifty participant-administrators (PAs) presented 50 participant-witnesses (PWs) two perpetrator-absent photoarrays following a live staged crime involving two perpetrators. For one photoarray per trial, the experimenter revealed the suspect's identity to the PA. Each PA presented the photoarrays sequentially or simultaneously in the presence or absence of an obs...
-
作者：Stewart, GL
作者单位：Vanderbilt University
摘要：This study examined relationships with job performance at different stages of employee tenure for a broad personality measure (conscientiousness) and 2 more narrow subtraits (order and achievement). Conscientiousness exhibited a consistent relationship with performance for employees in both the transition stage (newly hired employees) and the maintenance stage (veteran employees). In contrast, the more narrow subtraits exhibited differential relationships. Order correlated more strongly with p...
-
作者：VandeWalle, D; Brown, SP; Cron, WL; Slocum, JW Jr
作者单位：Southern Methodist University; Southern Methodist University
摘要：The authors investigated the influence of goal orientation on sales performance in a longitudinal field study with salespeople. As hypothesized, a learning goal orientation had a positive relationship with sales performance. This relationship was fully mediated by 3 self-regulation tactics: goal setting, effort, and planning. In contrast, a performance goal orientation was unrelated to sales performance. These results suggest that a focus on skill development, even for a veteran workforce, is ...
-
作者：Barling, J; Zacharatos, A; Hepburn, CG
作者单位：Queens University - Canada; Queens University - Canada
摘要：The authors developed and tested a model in which children who perceive their parents to be insecure about their jobs are distracted cognitively, which in turn affects their academic performance negatively. Participants were 102 female and 18 male undergraduates (mean age = 18 years), their fathers (mean age = 49 years), and their mothers (mean age = 47 years). Students completed questionnaires measuring perceived parental job insecurity, identification with parents, and cognitive difficulties...
-
作者：Druskat, VU; Wolff, SB
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; Boston University
摘要：This study used a repeated measures time-series design to examine the immediate and longer term impact of a structured, face-to-face developmental peer appraisal on 294 undergraduates in 44 self-managing work groups (SMWGs) and 217 MBA students in 36 SMWGs. Results revealed an immediate positive impact on perceptions of open communication, task motivation, social loafing, group viability, cohesion, and satisfaction. Also, the effects of the peer appraisal were not dependent on the perceived ra...
-
作者：Zickar, MJ; Robie, C
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Bowling Green State University; University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：Research has consistently demonstrated that personality inventories can be faked; however, there is disagreement about what effect faking has on the measurement properties of tests. This research examines the effects of experimentally induced faking on item-level measurement using polytomous item response theory. Military recruits were instructed to complete a personality inventory under 1 of 3 conditions: answer honestly, fake good, or fake good with coaching. A graded response model (F. Same...
-
作者：Hofmann, DA; Morgeson, FP
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Mays Business School; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：Researchers have been giving increased attention to the role larger organizational variables play in safety and accidents. Although generally neglected by this research, the nature of the exchange relationships between individuals, leaders, and the organization appears to have safety-related implications. The present research linked leader-member exchange (LMX) and perceived organizational support (POS) to safety communication, safety commitment, and accidents. Data were collected from 49 supe...
-
作者：Carlson, KD; Schmidt, FL
作者单位：Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University; University of Iowa
摘要：This article examines whether differences in the equations commonly used to calculate effect size for single group pretest-posttest (SGPP) designs versus those for control group designs can account for the finding that SGPP designs yield larger mean effect sizes (e.g., M. S. Lipsey & D. B. Wilson, 1993). It was found that the assumptions of no control group effect and the equivalence of pretraining and posttraining dependent variable standard deviations required for these equations to produce ...
