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作者：Chan, KY; Drasgow, F
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：A broad, integrative theoretical framework for understanding the relationship between individual differences and various leader behaviors is presented; it proposes a new individual-differences construct called the motivation to lead (MTL). A large-scale study using 3 samples in different occupational and cultural contexts shows 3 factors underlying MTL, namely, affective-identity, noncalculative, and social-normative MTL. A parsimonious model of antecedents to MTL is developed through hierarch...
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作者：Schreiber, N; Wentura, D; Bilsky, W
作者单位：University of Munster
摘要：In 2 experiments (N = 111 children), a suggestive technique for interviewing child witnesses called inviting speculation was examined. Children were presented with atypical actions for common objects in a clown show. One week later, the children were asked to speculate (e.g., What else could he have done with the knife?) in a between-subjects design on all or none of the items (Experiment 1) and in a within-subjects design on part of the items (Experiment 2), thereby getting highly probable sp...
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作者：Jex, SM; Bliese, PD; Buzzell, S; Primeau, J
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; United States Department of Defense; United States Army; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR)
摘要：The present study was designed to examine whether coping style influences the impact of self-efficacy on stressor-strain relations. It was hypothesized that high self-efficacy would weaken stressor-strain relations when accompanied by frequent use of active coping and infrequent use of avoidance coping. Data collected from 2,293 members of the U.S. Army revealed 3-way interactions among self-efficacy, role clarity, and active coping and among self-efficacy, work overload, and avoidance coping....
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作者：Elovainio, M; Kivimäki, M; Helkama, K
作者单位：Finnish Institute of Occupational Health; University of Helsinki; University of Helsinki
摘要：To explore how organizational justice evaluations affect the occupational stress process, the authors formulated and tested the following 2 hypotheses: (a) The effect of job control on strain is mediated by justice evaluations, and (b) justice evaluations moderate the effect of job control on occupational strain, The results of structural equation modeling, based on data collected from 688 employees, suggest that job control affects strain through justice evaluations. Thus, the results of this...
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作者：Colquitt, JA
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：This study explores the dimensionality of organizational justice and provides evidence of construct validity for a new justice measure. Items for this measure were generated by strictly following the seminal works in the justice literature. The mea sure was then validated in 2 separate studies. Study I occurred in a university setting, and Study 2 occurred in a field setting using employees in an automobile parts manufacturing company. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a 4-factor structur...
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作者：Schmitt, N; Mills, AE
作者单位：Michigan State University
摘要：Performance of 565 minority and 414 majority job applicants on traditional paper-and-pencil tests and on a telephone simulation that measured similar constructs was assessed. Models of the measurement characteristics of these 2 test batteries indicated larger subgroup mean differences on the traditional tests than on the simulation. Correlations between traditional tests were lower in the majority sample than in the minority sample, and the variance of the minority candidates' scores on the tr...
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作者：Brannick, MT
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of South Florida
摘要：Empirical Bayes meta-analysis provides a useful framework for examining test validation. The fixed-effects case in which rho has a single value corresponds to the inference that the situational specificity hypothesis, can be rejected in a validity generalization study. A Bayesian analysis of such a case provides a simple and powerful test of rho = 0; such a test has practical implications for significance testing in test validation. The random-effects case in which sigma (2)(rho) > 0 provides ...
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作者：Colquitt, JA; Conlon, DE; Wesson, MJ; Porter, COLH; Ng, KY
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Michigan State University; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：The field of organizational justice continues to be marked by several important research questions, including the size of relationships among justice dimensions, the relative importance of different justice criteria, and the unique effects of justice dimensions on key outcomes. To address such questions, the authors conducted a meta-analytic review of 183 justice studies. The results suggest that although different justice dimensions are moderately to highly related, they contribute incrementa...
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作者：Moon, H
作者单位：Michigan State University; Michigan State University's Broad College of Business
摘要：The author proposes that 2 facets of conscientiousness, duty and achievement striving, affect decision makers in escalation of commitment dilemmas in opposing ways, thus masking the predictive ability of a broad measure of conscientiousness. It is proposed that duty is associated with an other-centered orientation and that achievement striving is associated with a self-centered orientation. Analyses of decisions from 360 respondents showed that duty was associated with a deescalation of commit...
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作者：George, JM; Zhou, J
作者单位：Rice University; Rice University; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：This study adopted an interactional approach to understanding how 2 of the Five-Factor traits, openness to experience and conscientiousness, are related to creative behavior in the workplace. Openness to experience is theorized to result in high levels of creative behavior and conscientiousness is theorized to result in low levels of creative behavior when the situation allows for the manifestation of the trait influences. More specifically, the authors hypothesized that openness to experience...
