-
作者:NEAR, JP
作者单位:University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要:Whistle-blowing is often assumed to benefit society at large-whether from the view of 66 Minutes or from that of the members of the nearly 40 state legislatures that have passed statutes to protect whistle-blowers. Yet empirical research on conditions that lead whistle-blowers to be effective in getting organizational wrongdoing stopped is woefully absent. Encouraging whistle-blowing is inappropriate unless a person knows something about those variables that increase the likelihood that whistl...
-
作者:LOW, BS; SIMON, CP
作者单位:University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
-
作者:SUCHMAN, MC
摘要:This article synthesizes the large but diverse literature on organizational legitimacy, highlighting similarities and disparities among the leading strategic and institutional approaches. The analysis identifies three primary forms of legitimacy: pragmatic, based on audience self-interest: moral, based on normative approval; and cognitive, based on comprehensibility and taken-for-grantedness. The article then examines strategies for gaining, maintaining, and repairing legitimacy of each type, ...
-
作者:JACOBSON, SW
-
作者:JACOBSON, SW
-
作者:HITT, MA
-
作者:LINDSLEY, DH; BRASS, DJ; THOMAS, JB
作者单位:Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; United States Department of Defense; United States Air Force
摘要:This article explores the possibility of efficacy-perfonnance spirals in individuals, groups. and organizations. Spirals are deviation-amplifying loops in which the positive, cyclic relationship between perceived efficacy and performance builds upon itself. Collective efficacy is defined, and upward and downward spirals am considered. Evidence from multiple levels of analysis Is presented, and factors affecting the occurrence, continuation, and stopping of spirals am proposed. In addition, we ...
-
作者:MAYER, RC; DAVIS, JH; SCHOORMAN, FD
作者单位:Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要:Scholars in various disciplines have considered the causes, nature, and effects of trust. Prior approaches to studying trust are considered, including characteristics of the truster, the trustee, and the role of risk. A definition of trust and ct model of its antecedents and outcomes are presented, which integrate research from multiple disciplines and differentiate trust from similar constructs. Several research propositions based on the model are presented.
-
作者:VANDEVEN, AH; POOLE, MS
作者单位:University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要:This article introduces four basic theories that may serve as building blocks for explaining processes of change in organizations: life cycle, teleology, dialectics, and evolution. These four theories represent different sequences of change events that are driven by different conceptual motors and operate at different organizational levels. This article identifies the circumstances when each theory applies and proposes how interplay among the theories produces a wide variety of more complex th...