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作者：Greve, HR
作者单位：University of Tsukuba
摘要：This paper examines the consequences of changes in the organization's market position on its market share, testing arguments of inertia and regression toward the mean and taking into account recent methodological critiques of studies on the consequences of organizational change. A study of format change in the U.S. radio industry, 1984-1992, shows that changes cause performance to decline, as inertia theory predicts, but this is moderated by organizational size and performance before the chang...
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作者：Edmondson, A
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：This paper presents a model of team learning and tests it in a multimethod field study. It introduces the construct of team psychological safety-a shared belief held by members of a team that the team is safe for interpersonal risk taking-and models the effects of team psychological safety and team efficacy together on learning and performance in organizational work teams. Results of a study of 51 work teams in a manufacturing company, measuring antecedent, process, and outcome variables, show...
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作者：Benjamin, BA; Podolny, JM
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：This paper examines how a producer's status in the market influences its choices about product quality, and the outcomes that result. We compare economic models of reputation that emphasize the role of past quality as a source of information about current quality with sociological models of status that emphasize the role of affiliations. We test hypotheses about the complementary effects of status and reputation in an analysis of more than 10,000 affiliation decisions made by 595 wineries over...
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作者：Jehn, KA; Northcraft, GB; Neale, MA
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Stanford University
摘要：A multimethod field study of 92 workgroups explored the influence of three types of workgroup diversity (social category diversity, value diversity, and informational diversity) and two moderators (task type and task interdependence) on workgroup outcomes. Informational diversity positively influenced group performance, mediated by task conflict. Value and social category diversity, task complexity, and task interdependence all moderated this effect, Social category diversity positively influe...
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作者：Folger, R
作者单位：Tulane University
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作者：Gooderham, PN; Nordhaug, O; Ringdal, K
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU)
摘要：This paper tests predictions from institutional and rational perspectives about the adoption of organizational practices through a comparative study of human resource management in firms located in six European countries. Distinguishing between calculative practices-aimed at efficient use of human resources-and collaborative practices-aimed at promoting the goals of both employees and employer-the paper predicts differences in adoption across countries. Results show that institutional determin...
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作者：Tenbrunsel, AE; Messick, DM
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; Northwestern University
摘要：Three studies are used to examine how surveillance and sanctioning systems affect cooperative behavior in dilemma situations. The first two studies demonstrate that a weak sanctioning system results in less cooperation than no sanctioning system; furthermore, results from the second study suggest that sanctions affect the type of decision people perceive they are making, prompting them to see it as a business rather than an ethical decision. The results from these studies are used to develop a...
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作者：Dyck, B; Starke, FA
作者单位：University of Manitoba
摘要：Two qualitative studies examined the processes leading to the formation of breakaway organizations, which result when groups leave existing organizations to form new organizations. In the first study, analysis of interviews at 11 organizations in which group exit occurred revealed that the process unfolded in six stages: relative harmony, idea development, change, resistance, intense conflict, and exit. Five trigger events-introduction of conflicting ideas, legitimizing them, alarm, polarizati...
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作者：Ashcraft, KL
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：The ethnographic study reported here examines executive maternity leave as a succession event that manifests: itself in a novel transition pattern that I term temporary executive succession. in a study of one entrepreneurial firm, I investigated what happens when a founder takes a maternity leave, specifically, how the initiating force of maternity influences the event and how members respond to a breach in feminine leadership. The ethnographic analysis revealed an emergent leadership change i...
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作者：Abrahamson, E; Fairchild, G
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：This theory-development case study of the quality circle management fashion focuses on three features of management-knowledge entrepreneurs' discourse promoting or discrediting such fashions: its lifecycle, forces triggering stages in its lifecycle, and the type of collective learning it fostered. Results suggest, first, that variability in when different types of knowledge entrepreneurs begin, continue, and stop promoting fashions explains variability in their lifecycles; second, that histori...
