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作者：Shigeoka, Hitoshi
作者单位：Simon Fraser University
摘要：This paper exploits a sharp reduction in patient cost sharing at age 70 in Japan, using a regression discontinuity design to examine its effect on utilization, health, and financial risk arising from out-of-pocket expenditures. Due to the national policy, cost sharing is 60-80 percent lower at age 70 than at age 69. I find that both outpatient and inpatient care are price sensitive among the elderly. While I find little impact on mortality and other health outcomes, the results show that reduc...
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作者：Berger, David; Vavra, Joseph
作者单位：Northwestern University; University of Chicago
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作者：Caplin, Andrew; Lowrance, Roy
作者单位：New York University; New York University
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作者：Maestas, Nicole; Mullen, Kathleen J.; Strand, Alexander
作者单位：RAND Corporation
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作者：Marron, Donald B.; Toder, Eric J.
作者单位：Urban Institute
摘要：A carbon tax is a promising tool for discouraging the greenhouse gas emissions that cause climate change. In principle, a well-designed tax could reduce the risk of climate change, minimize the cost of emissions reductions, encourage innovation in low-carbon technologies, and raise new public revenue. But designing a real-world carbon tax poses significant challenges. We analyze those challenges from a public finance perspective, emphasizing three tax policy design issues: setting the tax rate...
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作者：Mora, Marie T.; Davila, Alberto
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
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作者：Mrazova, Monika; Neary, J. Peter
作者单位：University of Geneva; University of Surrey; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Oxford; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
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作者：Kaya, Aya; Vereshchagina, Galina
作者单位：University of Iowa; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：Team production takes advantage of technological complementarities but comes with the cost of free-ridership. When workers differ in skills, the choice of sorting pattern may be associated with a nontrivial trade-off between exploiting the technological complementarities and minimizing the cost of free-ridership. This paper demonstrates that whether such a trade-off arises depends (i) on how the power of incentives required for effort provision varies with workers' types, and (ii) on whether t...
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作者：Chari, V. V.; Shourideh, Ali; Zetlin-Jones, Ariel
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis; University of Pennsylvania; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：The volume of new issuances in secondary loan markets fluctuates over time and falls when collateral values fall. We develop a model with adverse selection and reputation that is consistent with such fluctuations. Adverse selection ensures that the volume of trade falls when collateral values fall. Without reputation, the equilibrium has separation, adverse selection is quickly resolved, and trade volume is independent of collateral value. With reputation, the equilibrium has pooling and adver...
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作者：Machina, Mark J.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Ambiguous choice problems which involve three or more outcome values can reveal aspects of ambiguity and ambiguity aversion which cannot be displayed in the classic two-outcome Ellsberg urn problems, and hence are not always captured by models designed to accommodate them. These aspects include Allais-type preferences over purely subjective acts, attitudes toward different sources involving different amounts of ambiguity, and attitudes toward ambiguity at different outcome levels. This paper p...
