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作者：Deming, David J.; Yuchtman, Noam; Abulafi, Amira; Goldin, Claudia; Katz, Lawrence F.
作者单位：Harvard University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：We study employers' perceptions of the value of postsecondary degrees using a field experiment. We randomly assign the sector and selectivity of institutions to fictitious resumes and apply to real vacancy postings for business and health jobs on a large online job board. We find that a business bachelor's degree from a for-profit online institution is 22 percent less likely to receive a callback than one from a nonselective public institution. In applications to health jobs, we find that for-...
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作者：Bordignon, Massimo; Nannicini, Tommaso; Tabellini, Guido
作者单位：Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Bocconi University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We compare single round versus runoff elections under plurality rule, allowing for partly endogenous party formation. Under runoff elections, the number of political candidates is larger, but the influence of extremist voters on equilibrium policy, and hence policy volatility, is smaller because the bargaining power of the political extremes is reduced compared to single round elections. The predictions on the number of candidates and on policy volatility are confirmed by evidence from a regre...
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作者：Autor, David; Figlio, David; Karbownik, Krzysztof; Roth, Jeffrey; Wasserman, Melanie
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
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作者：Christiano, Lawrence; Ikeda, Daisuke
作者单位：Northwestern University; Bank of Japan
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作者：Egert, Balazs
作者单位：Universite Paris Nanterre; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD); Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD)
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作者：Saez, Emmanuel; Stantcheva, Stefanie
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Harvard University
摘要：This paper proposes to evaluate tax reforms by aggregating money metric losses and gains of different individuals using generalized social marginal welfare weights. Optimum tax formulas take the same form as standard welfarist tax formulas by simply substituting standard marginal social welfare weights with those generalized weights. Weights directly capture society's concerns for fairness without being necessarily tied to individual utilities. Suitable weights can help reconcile discrepancies...
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作者：Alvarez, Fernando; Le Bihan, Herve; Lippi, Francesco
作者单位：University of Chicago; European Central Bank; Bank of France; University of Sassari
摘要：We prove that the ratio of kurtosis to the frequency of price changes is a sufficient statistic for the real effects of monetary shocks, measured by the cumulated output response following the shock. The sufficient statistic result holds in a large class of models which includes Taylor (1980); Calvo (1983); Reis (2006); Golosov and Lucas (2007); Nakamura and Steinsson (2010); Midrigan (2011); and Alvarez and Lippi (2014). Several models in this class are able to account for the positive excess...
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作者：Mitman, Kurt
作者单位：Stockholm University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：I study the implications of two major debt-relief policies in the United States: the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (BAPCPA) and the Home Affordable Refinance Program (HARP). To do so, I develop a model of housing and default that includes relevant dimensions of credit-market policy and captures rich heterogeneity in household balance sheets. The model also explains the observed cross-state variation in consumer default rates. I find that BAPCPA significantly reduced b...
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作者：Ide, Enrique; Montero, Juan-Pablo; Figueroa, Nicolas
作者单位：Stanford University; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
摘要：To what extent can an incumbent manufacturer use discount contracts to foreclose efficient entry? We show that off-list-price rebates that do not commit buyers to unconditional transfers-like the rebates in EU Commission v. Michelin II, for instance-cannot be anticompetitive. This is true even in the presence of cost uncertainty, scale economies, or intense downstream competition, all three market settings where exclusion has been shown to emerge with exclusive dealing contracts. The differenc...
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作者：Oster, Emily; Shoulson, Ira; Dorsey, E. Ray
作者单位：Brown University; Georgetown University; University of Rochester
