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作者：Beerli, Andreas; Ruffner, Jan; Siegenthaler, Michael; Peri, Giovanni
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：We study a reform that granted European cross-border workers free access to the Swiss labor market and had a stronger effect on regions close to the border. The greater availability of cross-border workers increased foreign employment substantially. Although many cross-border workers were highly educated, wages of highly educated natives increased. The reason is a simultaneous increase in labor demand: the reform increased the size, productivity, and innovation performance of skill-intensive i...
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作者：Levy, Ro'ee
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Does the consumption of ideologically congruent news on social media exacerbate polarization? I estimate the effects of social media news exposure by conducting a large field experiment randomly offering participants subscriptions to conservative or liberal news outlets on Facebook. I collect data on the causal chain of media effects: subscriptions to outlets, exposure to news on Facebook, visits to online news sites, and sharing of posts, as well as changes in political opinions and attitudes...
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作者：Ambuehl, Sandro; Bernheim, B. Douglas; Ockenfels, Axel
作者单位：University of Zurich; Stanford University; University of Cologne
摘要：We study experimentally when, why, and how people intervene in others' choices. Choice Architects (CAs) construct opportunity sets containing bundles of time-indexed payments for Choosers. CAs frequently prevent impatient choices despite opportunities to provide advice, believing Choosers benefit. They violate common behavioral welfare criteria by removing impatient options even when all pay-offs are delayed. CAs intervene not by removing options they wish they could resist when choosing for t...
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作者：Ellison, Glenn; Pathak, Parag A.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Several K-12 and university systems have adopted race-neutral affirmative action in place of race-based alternatives. This paper explores whether these plans are effective substitutes for racial quotas in Chicago Public Schools (CPS), which now employs a race-neutral, place-based affirmative action system at its selective exam high schools. The CPS plan is ineffective compared to plans that explicitly consider race: about three-quarters of the reduction in average entrance scores at the top sc...
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作者：Arora, Ashish; Belenzon, Sharon; Sheer, Lia
作者单位：Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Using data on 800,000 corporate publications and patent citations to these publications between 1980 and 2015, we study how corporate investment in research is linked to its use in the firm's inventions, and to spillovers to rivals. We find that private returns to corporate research depend on the balance between two opposing forces: the benefits from the use of science in own downstream inventions, and the costs of spillovers to rivals. Consistent with this, firms produce more research when it...
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作者：Gerard, Francois; Naritomi, Joana
作者单位：University of London; Queen Mary University London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We study the spending profile of workers who experience both a positive transitory income shock (lump-sum severance pay) and a negative permanent income shock (layoff). Using de-identified expenditure and employment data from Brazil, we show that workers increase spending at layoff by 35 percent despite experiencing a 14 percent long-term loss. We find high sensitivity of spending to cash-on-hand across consumption categories and for several sources of variation, including predictable income d...
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作者：Halac, Marina; Lipnowski, Elliot; Rappoport, Daniel
作者单位：Yale University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Columbia University; University of Chicago
摘要：A principal incentivizes a team of agents to work by privately offering them bonuses contingent on team success. We study the principal's optimal incentive scheme that implements work as a unique equilibrium. This scheme leverages rank uncertainty to address strategic uncertainty. Each agent is informed only of a ranking distribution and his own bonus, the latter making work dominant provided that higher-rank agents work. If agents are symmetric, their bonuses are identical. Thus, discriminati...
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作者：Martin, Alberto; Moral-Benito, Enrique; Schmitz, Tom
作者单位：Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional (CREI); Barcelona School of Economics; Banco de Espana; Bocconi University; Bocconi University
摘要：How does a housing boom affect credit to non-housing firms? Using bank, firm, and loan-level microdata, we show that the Spanish housing boom reduced non-housing credit growth during its first years, but stimulated it later on. These patterns can be rationalized by financial constraints for banks. Constrained banks initially accommodated higher housing credit demand by reducing non-housing credit. Eventually, however, the housing boom increased bank net worth and expanded credit supply. A quan...
