-
作者：Prager, Elena; Schmitt, Matt
作者单位：Northwestern University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：We test whether wage growth slows following employer consolidation by examining hospital mergers. We find evidence of reduced wage growth in cases where both (i) the increase in concentration induced by the merger is large and (ii) workers' skills are industry-specific. In all other cases, we fail to reject zero wage effects. We consider alternative explanations and find that the observed patterns are unlikely to be explained by merger-related changes besides labor market power. Wage growth sl...
-
作者：Braguinsky, Serguey; Ohyama, Atsushi; Okazaki, Tetsuji; Syverson, Chad
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Osaka; Hitotsubashi University; University of Tokyo; University of Chicago
摘要：We explore how firms grow by adding products. We leverage detailed data from Japan's cotton spinning industry at the turn of the last century to do so. This setting allows us to fully characterize the type of differentiation (vertical or horizontal) of new product introductions as well as whether the product is within or outside of the firm's prior technological capabilities. We find that trying to introduce innovative products beyond the firm's previous technologically feasible set, even if s...
-
作者：Reimers, Imke; Waldfogel, Joel
作者单位：Northeastern University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; National Bureau of Economic Research; Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW)
摘要：Digitization has led to many new creative products, straining the capacity of professional critics and consumers. Yet, the digitization of retailing has also delivered new crowd-based sources of pre-purchase information. We compare the relative impacts of professional critics and crowd-based Amazon star ratings on consumer welfare in book publishing. Using various fixed effects and discontinuity-based empirical strategies, we estimate their causal impacts on sales. We use these causal estimate...
-
作者：Milgrom, Paul
-
作者：Martinez, Isabel Z.; Saez, Emmanuel; Siegenthaler, Michael
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This paper estimates intertemporal labor supply responses to two-year long income tax holidays staggered across Swiss cantons. Cantons shifted from an income tax system based on the previous two years' income to a standard annual pay as you earn system, leaving two years of income untaxed. We find significant but quantitatively very small responses of wage earnings with an intertemporal elasticity of 0.025 overall. High wage income earners and especially the self-employed display larger respon...
-
作者：Rogall, Thorsten
作者单位：University of British Columbia
摘要：Do political elites use armed groups to foster civilian participation in genocidal violence? Are armed groups employed strategically? How do they mobilize civilians? I investigate these questions using data from the Rwandan Genocide. To establish causality, I exploit exogenous variation in armed groups' transport costs induced by weather fluctuations; the shortest distance of each village to the main road interacted with rainfall along the dirt tracks between main road and village. I find (i) ...
-
作者：Decarolis, Francesco; Rovigatti, Gabriele
作者单位：Bocconi University; Bocconi University; European Central Bank; Bank of Italy
摘要：This paper analyzes the impact of intermediary concentration on the allocation of revenue in online platforms. We study sponsored search documenting how advertisers increasingly bid through a handful of specialized intermediaries. This enhances automated bidding and data pooling, but lessens competition whenever the intermediary represents competing advertisers. Using data on nearly 40 million Google keyword auctions, we first apply machine learning algorithms to cluster keywords into thematic...
-
作者：Wang, Tianyi
作者单位：University of Toronto
摘要：I study the political impact of the first populist radio personality in American history. Father Charles Coughlin blended populist demagoguery, anti-Semitism, and fascist sympathies to create a hugely popular radio program that attracted 30 million weekly listeners in the 1930s. I find that exposure to Father Coughlin's anti-Roosevelt broadcast reduced Franklin D. Roosevelt's vote share in the 1936 presidential election. Coughlin's effects were larger among Catholics and persisted after Coughl...
-
作者：Hakimov, Rustamdjan; Heller, C-Philipp; Kuebler, Dorothea; Kurino, Morimitsu
作者单位：University of Lausanne; Technical University of Berlin; Keio University
摘要：Allocating appointment slots is presented as a new application for market design. Online booking systems are commonly used by public authorities to allocate appointments for visa interviews, driver's licenses, passport renewals, etc. We document that black markets for appointments have developed in many parts of the world. Scalpers book the appointments that are offered for free and sell the slots to appointment seekers. We model the existing first-come-first-served booking system and propose ...
-
作者：Madarasz, Kristof
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper studies bargaining with noncommon priors where the buyer projects and exaggerates the probability that her private information may leak to the seller. Letting the buyer name her price first, raises the seller's payoff above his payoff from posting a price. In seller-offer bargaining, projection implies a partial reversal of classic Coasian comparative static results. Weakening price commitment can benefit the seller and, as long as the relative speed at which imaginary information v...
