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作者：Alatas, Vivi; Banerjee, Abhijit; Hanna, Rema; Olken, Benjamin A.; Purnamasari, Ririn; Wai-Poi, Matthew
作者单位：The World Bank; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University
摘要：This paper shows that adding a small application cost to a transfer program can substantially improve targeting through self-selection. Our village-level experiment in Indonesia finds that requiring beneficiaries to apply for benefits results in substantially poorer beneficiaries than automatic enrollment using the same asset test. Marginally increasing application costs on an experimental basis does not further improve targeting. Estimating a model of the application decision implies that the...
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作者：Boissay, Frederic; Collard, Fabrice; Smets, Frank
作者单位：Bank for International Settlements (BIS); University of Bern; European Central Bank; KU Leuven
摘要：Banking crises are rare events that break out in the midst of credit-intensive booms and bring about deep and long-lasting recessions. This paper presents a textbook dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model to explain these phenomena. The model features a nontrivial banking sector, where bank heterogeneity gives rise to an interbank market. Moral hazard and asymmetric information in this market may lead to sudden market freezes, banking crises, credit crunches, and severe financial recessi...
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作者：Benabou, Roland; Tirole, Jean
作者单位：Princeton University; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：To analyze the impact of labor market competition on the structure of compensation, we embed multitasking and screening within a Hotelling framework. Competition for talent leads to an escalation of performance pay, shifting effort away from long-term investments, risk management, and cooperation. Efficiency losses can exceed those from a single principal, who dulls incentives to extract rents. As competition intensifies, monopsonistic underincentivization of low-skill agents first decreases a...
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作者：Alesina, Alberto; Michalopoulos, Stelios; Papaioannou, Elias
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Brown University; University of London; London Business School
摘要：This study explores the consequences and origins of between-ethnicity inequality for a large sample of countries. First, combining satellite images of nighttime luminosity with the homelands of ethnolinguistic groups, we construct measures of ethnic inequality. Second, we uncover a strong inverse association between ethnic inequality and contemporary development above and beyond its relationship with cross-region and cross-administrative unit inequality. Third, we establish that differences in...
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作者：Jones, Charles I.
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Some technologies save lives-new vaccines, new surgical techniques, safer highways. Others threaten lives-pollution, nuclear accidents, global warming, and the rapid global transmission of disease. How is growth theory altered when technologies involve life and death instead of just higher consumption? This paper shows that taking life into account has first-order consequences. Under standard preferences, the value of life may rise faster than consumption, leading society to value safety over ...
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作者：Lagakos, David
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Many macroeconomists argue that productivity is low in developing countries because of frictions that impede the adoption of modern technologies. I argue that in the retail trade sector, developing countries rationally choose technologies with low measured labor productivity. My theory is that the adoption of modern retail technologies is optimal only when household ownership of complementary durable goods, such as cars, is widespread. Because income is low in the developing world, households ...
