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作者：Stantcheva, Stefanie
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper derives optimal income tax and human capital policies in a life cycle model with risky human capital. The government faces asymmetric information regarding agents' ability, its evolution, and labor supply. When the wage elasticity with respect to ability is increasing in human capital, the optimal subsidy involves less than full deductibility of human capital expenses on the tax base and falls with age. Income contingent loans or a deferred deductibility scheme can implement the opt...
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作者：Feenstra, Robert C.; Weinstein, David E.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University
摘要：This paper estimates the impact of globalization on markups, and the effect of changing markups on US welfare, in a monopolistic competition model. We work with symmetric translog preferences, which allow for endogenous markups and firm entry and exit, thereby changing product variety. We find that between 1992 and 2005, US import shares rose and US firms exited, leading to an implied fall in markups, while variety went up because of imports. US welfare rose by nearly 1 percent as a result of ...
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作者：Lewbel, Arthur; Pendakur, Krishna
作者单位：Boston College; Simon Fraser University
摘要：We prove a new identification theorem showing nonparametric identification of the joint distribution of random coefficients in general nonlinear and additive models. This differs from existing random coefficients models by not imposing a linear index structure for the regressors. We then model unobserved preference heterogeneity in consumer demand as utility functions with random Barten scales. These Barten scales appear as random coefficients in nonlinear demand equations. Using Canadian data...
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作者：Agarwal, Sumit; Amromin, Gene; Ben-David, Itzhak; Chomsisengphet, Souphala; Piskorski, Tomasz; Seru, Amit
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; National Bureau of Economic Research; United States Department of the Treasury; Office of the Comptroller of the Currency; Columbia University; University of Chicago
摘要：We evaluate the effects of the 2009 Home Affordable Modification Program (HAMP) that provided intermediaries with sizable financial incentives to renegotiate mortgages. HAMP increased intensity of renegotiations and prevented a substantial number of foreclosures but reached just one-third of its targeted indebted households. This shortfall was in large part due to low renegotiation intensity of a few large intermediaries and was driven by intermediary-specific factors. Exploiting regional vari...
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作者：Lusardi, Annamaria; Michaud, Pierre-Carl; Mitchell, Olivia S.
作者单位：George Washington University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal; RAND Corporation; Rand Health; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We show that financial knowledge is a key determinant of wealth inequality in a stochastic life cycle model with endogenous financial knowledge accumulation, where financial knowledge enables individuals to better allocate lifetime resources in a world of uncertainty and imperfect insurance. Moreover, because of how the US social insurance system works, better-educated individuals have most to gain from investing in financial knowledge. Our parsimonious specification generates substantial weal...
